Two descendants of Black people enslaved by the Muscogee Nation are suing Principal Chief David Hill and the Muscogee Nation Citizenship Board in federal court, seeking to compel them to issue citizenship cards as ordered by a tribal court in July 2025, citing an 1866 treaty.
Juneteenth, celebrated on June 19th, commemorates the arrival of Union troops in Galveston, Texas, in 1865 to enforce the Emancipation Proclamation. Although issued in 1863, word of freedom spread slowly, with enslaved people learning through informal networks and Black community groups. The holiday marks the day freedom became a tangible reality for many.
Brazil's Ministry of Public Prosecution is investigating Caixa Econômica Federal for lost savings of enslaved people. Historians are uncovering accounts like Ambrozio's, who saved for freedom, and Lidia's, whose money remained in the bank after abolition, highlighting historical inequality and demands for reparations.
