J. Craig Venter, Pioneering Geneticist Who Sequenced Human Genome, Dies at 79

J. Craig Venter, a scientist who played a critical role in the sequencing of the human genome, has died at the age of 79, according to his namesake research institute. Venter's company, Celera Genomics, famously began a scientific race, trying to completely sequence the human genetic code before the government-funded Human Genome Project achieved the same feat. He pioneered new, cheaper, faster approaches such as the "whole genome shotgun method" that critics initially said wouldn't work. In a 2003 interview with NPR, when Venter was asked about how he felt about being often called a scientific "maverick," he said that it "depends on how it's meant by most people, but in the context of stodgy science, I consider it a tremendous badge of honor." Maverick or no, Venter's successes and provocations made him a scientific superstar. In 2000, when scientists gathered at the White House with President Bill Clinton to mark what was basically the completion of efforts to sequence all human genes, Venter was standing next to the president and celebrated for his rival sequencing effort. Indeed, Venter left an indelible mark on his chosen field, according to Drew Endy, a synthetic biologist at Stanford University. "Craig was not only an extraordinarily innovative scientist," Endy said. "He also willed important ideas forward into reality and practice. The more I understand how difficult it is to cause actually new things to happen the more I am in awe of what Craig was able to accomplish." Venter attributed his interest in biology to his work as a young man serving in the U.S. Naval Medical Corps in Vietnam, where he said that he learned how tenuous life could be. He later became the first person to sequence and publish his own individual genome. And his research team advanced the field of synthetic biology by creating a bacterial cell controlled by lab-synthesized DNA. The statement from the J. Craig Venter Institute that announced his death said that Venter had been hospitalized following unexpected side effects that arose during treatment for a recently diagnosed cancer. At the White House event in 2000, he said that some had argued that sequencing the human genome would diminish humanity by taking the mystery out of life.