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Back德国媒体评论:习近平的全球影响力与毛泽东的历史遗产
德国媒体评论:习近平的全球影响力与毛泽东的历史遗产
Politics
德国之声45 minutes agoPolitics4 min readChina

德国媒体评论:习近平的全球影响力与毛泽东的历史遗产

德国《商报》分析习近平如何利用美国动荡扩张影响力,同时《世界报》回顾毛泽东的历史影响

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德国媒体近日刊文,分析习近平如何利用特朗普时期的美国动荡与欧洲分裂,通过经济与外交手段拓展全球影响力。同时,德国《世界报》回顾了毛泽东去世五十周年,探讨其历史罪行及对当代中国政党统治的深远影响。

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Why It Matters

文章讨论了习近平的外交策略以及毛泽东去世五十周年的历史反思。这些内容反映了德国主流媒体对中国崛起及其历史背景的批判性视角。

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杜塞尔多夫出版的德国《商报》以“习近平利用特朗普制造的混乱从而夺取全世界”为题,刊发评论指出,特朗普破坏盟友关系、有意无意地削弱欧洲,正好给了习近平拓展全球影响力的良机。

“关键在于,北京提供了一种能引起部分发展中国家共鸣的对比视角。其传达的信息是:一边是施压和威胁的美国,以及政治上四分五裂的欧洲,另一边则是中国,一个在贸易和发展方面可预测的伙伴,而且近年来更是频频使用‘民主’、‘人权’等概念,尽管这些概念是按照中国自己的定义。中国方面传递的信息是,‘人权’就是经济繁荣的权利,而当代中国深谙此道。”

“这种描述并非完全错误,但却及其片面。中国绝非自诩的‘稳定之锚’。北京有针对性地利用经济依赖关系,凭借出口顺差向其他经济体施压,还在政治上向邻国施压。尽管中国的对外政策常披着‘稳定’与‘慷慨’的外衣,但其核心驱动力归根结底是务实的自身利益。人们不应被北京方面的政治辞令所迷惑,从而掉以轻心。”

文章指出,中国的叙事方式已经在那些不想在北京和华盛顿之间被迫选边站的国家中间取得了影响力,这些国家普遍希望在新的国际秩序中获得更多话语权。

“中国的官方宣传机器甚至创造了Xiplomacy(习氏外交)一词,这在中国官方英语媒体中颇为罕见,甚至带有一丝幽默。这个词用来描述习近平开展外交联络的行动。这种外交关系网络也意在向特朗普展示,习近平在市场、原材料、政治纽带及技术合作伙伴等方面拥有其他选项,从而增强其应对中美冲突的韧性。这一点在人工智能领域尤为明显:中国正致力于向全球推广其模型和算力。而美国局势越是动荡,中国实现这一目标的可能性就越大。”

今年9月9日是毛泽东去世五十周年纪念日,德国《世界报》的知名右翼评论作家Alan Posener以“50年前的今天毛泽东去世,我曾经是他的粉丝”为题,回忆他当年作为西德共产党员如何“含泪学习伟大领袖毛主席的精神、加倍努力为人民服务”的经历。他透露,当年的“同志们”,后来大多都成为了坚定的反共人士。

“这完全在情理之中。因为毛泽东是历史上最大的大规模杀人犯——其罪行比斯大林或希特勒还要严重。全球各地的年轻理想主义者竟然如此虔诚、甚至充满爱意地追随这个邪恶人物,这充分说明了人类是多么容易受到蛊惑。……我们当时并非不知道大跃进或者文革让许多人受害,但我们选择无视这些事实,并将其斥为华盛顿或莫斯科散布的宣传。我们并不比其他人更愚蠢或更邪恶,但我们让自己陷入了一种境地:我们只接受那些能印证我们既有观点的那部分现实。在这个充斥着泡沫、同温层、假新闻和网络舆论风暴的时代,切勿有人断言这种事绝不会发生在自己身上;也切勿有人妄称民主制度已稳如泰山。”

“与斯大林和希特勒不同,毛泽东的影响力至今仍在延续。他一手缔造的政党至今仍统治着成为世界工厂的中国。苏联已然解体,而俄罗斯如今已沦为中国的附庸国。当这个背负着上千万条人命债的共产主义政党决定培育并加速资本主义发展时,它在极短的时间内让比人类历史上任何时期都多的人口摆脱了贫困。这倒确实堪称一场大跃进。”

Open Questions

  • 发展中国家对中国叙事的长期接受度如何?
  • 中国在人工智能领域的全球推广是否会遭遇实质性阻力?

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This article was originally published by 德国之声.

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