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Back中国科学家研究哈密翼龙右前肢化石 揭示生长发育新证据
中国科学家研究哈密翼龙右前肢化石 揭示生长发育新证据
Science
中国新闻网yesterdayScience4 min readChinaView translation

中国科学家研究哈密翼龙右前肢化石 揭示生长发育新证据

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中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所汪筱林团队通过对新疆哈密发现的近完整翼龙右前肢化石研究,揭示了哈密翼龙的解剖学特征及生长发育模式,为理解其异速生长提供了重要证据。

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Why It Matters

哈密翼龙是中国早白垩世哈密翼龙动物群的主要成员,此前研究多集中于头骨和胚胎,缺乏关联的头后骨骼化石。

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中新网北京9月7日电 (记者 孙自法)记者9月7日从中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所汪筱林研究员团队获悉,该团队最近对一件采自新疆哈密、近乎完整关联的翼龙右前肢化石深入研究分析,为哈密翼龙头后骨骼解剖学特征、异速生长模式等翼龙生长发育研究,提供了新的重要证据。

这项关于哈密翼龙最新发现和研究进展的成果论文,近日在国际学术期刊《古脊椎动物学杂志》发表。

研究团队介绍,天山哈密翼龙是中国早白垩世哈密翼龙动物群的主要成员,以大量三维立体保存的不同发育阶段的雌雄哈密翼龙骨骼、蛋和胚胎为特征。化石主要赋存于吐哈盆地下白垩统湖相为主的地层中,富集于风暴事件沉积层内,反映了大规模湖泊风暴导致翼龙动物群集群死亡和快速特异埋藏。

不过,此前已发现的大量骨骼化石大多为代表不同个体的分散孤立骨骼,很少有关联的骨架。尽管哈密翼龙的头骨解剖学、性双型、蛋和胚胎等方面已有较详细的研究,但由于缺少关联骨骼,其头后骨骼解剖学仍知之甚少,尤其包括肢骨在内的骨骼比例和异速生长等,而这些信息可为哈密翼龙的生长发育、系统学和翼展估算等提供重要依据。

本次发现近完整关联的哈密翼龙右前肢化石,第一次揭示出哈密翼龙头后骨骼形态特征。通过形态学对比证实其属于无齿翼龙超科,并进一步支持将其归入古魔翼龙类哈密翼龙科。根据哈密翼龙的肢骨比例数据,发现其与北方翼龙类和古魔翼龙类更为接近,而不同于翼掌骨极度加长的无齿翼龙类,以及前臂(尺桡骨)相对较长的古神翼龙类。

从前肢骨骼的愈合程度来看,这次研究的哈密翼龙化石标本属于亚成年至成年个体,其翼展约为1.8米,与之前估算的哈密翼龙翼展可达3.5米相比,该个体体型相对较小。此外,该化石标本连同目前已知的哈密翼龙胚胎数据,为研究哈密翼龙的异速生长模式提供了新的证据。

结合另一件与其他个体共同保存的部分关联的前肢化石,根据其骨骼长度和骨骼愈合程度判断,也代表一个亚成年至成年个体,但它的体型明显大于近完整关联化石标本,因此,个体大的哈密翼龙可能处于更晚的发育阶段。

研究团队表示,总体来看,哈密翼龙胚胎与这件近完整关联的翼龙亚成年个体的肢骨比例高度相似,可能反映了哈密翼龙一种较为独特的生长策略,即除前臂和第二翼指骨的相对比例有所变化外,其余前肢骨骼在个体发育过程中大体保持同步,即呈等速或近似等速生长。

然而,仅依据胚胎和少量亚成年个体发育阶段的数据,缺少其他发育阶段的连续证据,尚不能完全排除哈密翼龙肢骨在生长过程中存在异速生长的可能性,还有待于后续更多化石证据的发现与研究。

据悉,时值中国古脊椎动物学第18次学术年会暨第10届翼龙国际会议、世界上第一座翼龙主题科学博物馆即将在哈密举行和开馆前夕,本项成果发表也是为两者送上的一份“贺礼”。

Open Questions

  • 哈密翼龙在生长过程中是否存在更复杂的异速生长模式?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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