
外交学院前院长王帆在太原分析全球能源地缘政治变局及山西在能源转型中的定位
外交学院前院长王帆在太原“大使茶座”活动中指出,全球能源地缘政治正从资源主导转向多维格局。他建议山西应从传统能源清洁利用、新能源产业链创新及绿色“一带一路”建设三方面发力,打造中国能源转型的国际窗口。
AI-generated summary
全球能源格局正从资源主导向资源、技术、规则等多元维度演进。中国在新能源领域已具备全产业链优势,并积极参与全球气候治理。
中新网太原9月5日电 题:王帆:从新能源外交看全球变局与山西使命
中新网记者 范丽芳
“今年以来,多国政要密集访华,新能源与气候治理几乎成为每场高层对话的‘标配议题’。”9月5日,在山西太原举办的“大使茶座”走进山西暨“能源低碳”国际对话活动现场,外交学院前院长王帆分析,这一现象折射出全球能源地缘政治的底层逻辑正在发生巨变。
过去,大国博弈的核心是争夺化石能源的开采权;今天,全球能源格局正从“资源主导”向“资源、技术、通道、规则、韧性”共同塑造的新格局演进。在这场变局中,能源既是紧张关系的“稳定器”,也是大国博弈的“新战场”。
王帆说,纵观全球,各主要经济体的能源战略呈现出显著的差异化路径。美国将低碳发展嵌入能源优势框架,在强化传统油气产量的同时,通过产业政策争夺清洁能源制造的主导权;欧盟在气候目标、能源安全与产业竞争力之间艰难平衡;俄罗斯将能源出口重心转向亚洲;东盟等发展中经济体则在保增长、保供电的前提下,寻求低成本、可持续的电力供应,以维持制造业优势。
相比之下,中国面对“富煤、缺油、少气”现实,提前完成风光装机目标,并在2026年实现太阳能发电装机规模首超煤电。更重要的是,中国正将新能源全产业链的硬实力,转化为全球气候治理的软实力。无论是多国政要争相试驾中国新能源汽车,还是中国在共建“一带一路”国家推进绿色基建,都表明中国正在为全球南方提供从“产能输出”到“能力共建”的新范式。
王帆说,在此背景下,能源作为“稳定器”,其互补性为大国关系提供务实的合作空间;作为“新战场”,围绕关键矿产、电池技术、绿色标准的竞争日益激烈。结构性障碍依然存在,但历史大势不可逆转,当化石能源因风险溢价变贵而新能源因规模化降本时,合作共赢终将是唯一出路。
面对国家层面的宏大外交布局,山西该如何借势找准自身定位?王帆说,山西作为国家重要的综合能源基地,不能仅停留在“煤炭大省”的传统标签上,而应主动融入国家能源外交大局,打造“中国能源转型的国际展示窗口”。
做传统能源清洁高效利用的“示范者”。山西应依托现有产业基础,在煤炭清洁转化、煤电灵活性改造等领域,打造具有国际先进水平的示范项目,向世界展示传统能源大国在平稳过渡中的技术实力与担当。
做新能源全产业链创新的“策源地”。山西在光伏、氢能、储能等赛道已具备一定基础,矿山生态修复、采煤沉陷区光伏基地可成为国际交流基地,让各国来宾和企业家亲眼看到新产能的应用场景,看到“绿水青山”是如何通过技术创新进行有效转化的。
做绿色“一带一路”建设的“支撑点”。依托山西在能源装备制造、工程建设和技术人才方面的底蕴,鼓励本土企业“抱团出海”,参与共建“一带一路”国家的能源基础设施建设,将山西转型经验、适用技术和标准推向全球南方,在国家气候外交中贡献“山西力量”。

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