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Back糖尿病早餐應以蛋白質、纖維與適量澱粉搭配為佳,單吃白粥吐司易升血糖
糖尿病早餐應以蛋白質、纖維與適量澱粉搭配為佳,單吃白粥吐司易升血糖
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自由时报2 hours agoHealth2 min readChinaView translation

糖尿病早餐應以蛋白質、纖維與適量澱粉搭配為佳,單吃白粥吐司易升血糖

Quick Look

精準預防醫學會理事長張家銘指出,糖尿病患者早餐不宜只吃白粥、吐司或饅頭等精緻澱粉,應搭配蛋白質與高纖食物以穩定血糖。研究顯示高纖早餐可降低餐後2小時血糖約38至44 mg/dL,高蛋白早餐則有助改善長期血糖控制,建議掌握「蛋白質+纖維+適量澱粉」的飲食原則。

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Why It Matters

許多民眾誤以為早餐吃得越少血糖越不會升高,但研究顯示早餐的組成與搭配方式對血糖控制影響更大。

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2026/09/04 06:24

基因醫師張家銘表示,糖尿病友的早餐不宜只吃白粥、吐司或饅頭等精緻澱粉,可搭配蛋白質與高纖食物,幫助穩定血糖;圖為情境照。(圖取自freepik)

〔健康頻道/綜合報導〕不少民眾早餐兩片吐司或一個饅頭配咖啡,認為已經吃得這麼少,血糖應不會飆高。精準預防醫學會理事長張家銘引述研究指出,糖尿病友的早餐不是吃得越少越好,關鍵在於怎麼搭配,研究發現高纖早餐有助降低餐後2小時血糖;高蛋白早餐則與糖化血色素改善有關。早餐可掌握「蛋白質+纖維+適量澱粉」,例如,原本白吐司配咖啡,可加雞蛋或無糖豆漿,再搭一些蔬菜;饅頭可以搭無糖豆漿、蛋和堅果,才是理想的控糖早餐。

張家銘於臉書「基因醫師張家銘」發文分享,如果早餐主要是白吐司、白粥、饅頭、甜麵包這類容易消化的澱粉,蛋白質和纖維又少,葡萄糖就容易快速進入血液,餐後血糖自然比較容易升高。早餐除了問吃了多少,還要關心這份早餐吃下後,血糖上升的數字。

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張家銘說明,2026年發表於《Frontiers in Endocrinology》的系統性回顧與統合分析,整理多項隨機對照試驗,分析不同早餐組成對糖尿病患者血糖控制的影響,發現高纖與高蛋白早餐各有不同作用。

高纖顧餐後 高蛋白顧長期

研究發現,高纖早餐對餐後血糖控制較有幫助,部分研究顯示,餐後2小時血糖可降低約2.10至2.46 mmol/L,換算約38至44 mg/dL;高蛋白早餐則對長期血糖控制更值得注意。在兩項研究、115位受試者的分析中,糖化血色素平均下降約0.50個百分點。換言之,高纖早餐,主要幫忙把餐後血糖高峰壓低;高蛋白早餐,對幾個月後的長期血糖控制更值得注意。

張家銘提到,纖維尤其是可溶性纖維,可以讓食物在腸胃裡走得慢一些,延緩葡萄糖吸收,因此有機會降低餐後血糖高峰;蛋白質則可增加飽足感,早餐吃完比較不容易很快又餓,也可能減少後面繼續吃大量澱粉和甜食的機會。

早餐的黃金方程式:「蛋白質+纖維+適量澱粉」

張家銘建議,糖尿病早餐可掌握「蛋白質+纖維+適量澱粉」的搭配原則。例如,原本白吐司配咖啡,可加蛋或無糖豆漿,再搭一些蔬菜。稀飯可少一點,同時加蛋、豆腐、魚和青菜。饅頭則可以搭無糖豆漿、蛋和堅果。換言之,重點就在要有蛋白質、有纖維,澱粉不要自己當主角。

他認為民眾不用一次全部改,先調整一件事,觀察1-2星期,看早餐後血糖、上午精神和飢餓感有沒有變化。畢竟即使吃同樣一份早餐,每個人的餐後血糖反應也可能不同,原因與身體的代謝狀態、胰島素分泌及胰島素敏感性等因素有關。

他強調,睡眠及生活作息也可能影響早晨血糖。若經常熬夜、睡眠不足或作息不規律,早晨血糖可能較不穩定,因此控糖不能只看一餐吃什麼,也要將整體生活型態納入考量。

Open Questions

  • 不同類型纖維(可溶性 vs 不溶性)對血糖的具體影響差異為何?
  • 長期堅持高蛋白早餐對腎功能的影響是否需監測?
  • 此研究結果是否適用於1型與2型糖尿病患者?

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