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Back前香港特首董建華於香港養和醫院辭世,享壽89歲
前香港特首董建華於香港養和醫院辭世,享壽89歲
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自由时报45 minutes agoPolitics3 min readChina

前香港特首董建華於香港養和醫院辭世,享壽89歲

曾任全國政協副主席,為香港主權移交後首任行政長官

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前香港行政長官董建華於8日晚間在香港養和醫院辭世,享壽89歲。董建華出身航運世家,1997年成為香港主權移交後首任特首,任內曾推動基本法23條立法引發大規模抗議,並經歷SARS危機,最終於2005年辭職。

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董建華於1997年成為香港首任特首,任內推動基本法23條立法引發大規模抗議。其背景涉及航運業及與中共高層的互動。

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前中國人民政治協商會議全國委員會副主席、香港主權移交後首任行政長官董建華,8日晚間10時在香港養和醫院辭世,享壽89歲。董建華在1997年卸下子承父業15年的航運大亨身分,成為香港首任特首,但他曾因推動「香港基本法」第23條立法,引發50萬人走上街頭抗議,被迫暫緩並撤回草案,最終黯然辭職。

英國廣播公司(BBC)中文網報導,董建華祖籍浙江寧波,1937年盧溝橋事變當天出生於上海。父親為知名「船王」董浩雲,母親顧麗真亦出身航運世家。1948年底國共內戰末期,董家舉家南遷香港,董浩雲將長子送入具親共背景的中華中學就讀。

董建華1954年前往英國利物浦大學攻讀海事工程,畢業後轉往美國歷練。1969年返港後不久,遇上父親斥巨資購入的「海上學府號」郵輪大火翻沉事件,主持翻修的董建華及時逃生。

1982年,董浩雲因心臟病驟逝,董建華與弟弟董建成接手因石油危機而負債數十億港元的東方海外集團。在尋求台灣資金未果後,1986年獲親共港商霍英東注資1.2億美元,度過破產危機。儘管霍英東稱在商言商,但香港輿論普遍視為中共政權出手救援,成為董建華與中共高層建立互動的關鍵起點。

1989年,董建華隨號稱「海上大學」的「宇宙學府號」首航上海,接觸到時任中共上海市委書記江澤民與市長朱鎔基。1992年,獲「末代港督」彭定康(Chris Patten)邀請加入行政局,在毫無從政經驗下晉身港府決策高層。

1996年1月,中國全國人民代表大會香港特區籌備委員會於北京成立。當時已成為中共總書記的江澤民,在鏡頭前刻意從人群中認出董建華,並主動握手,使董建華獲北京「欽點」為特首的傳言不脛而走。前港督布政司鍾逸傑爵士也評價董建華具備國際知名度及良好的政商網絡,是特首的理想人選。

1996年12月,董建華在推選委員會中取得320票(總票數398),以壓倒性姿態當選香港首任特首,1997年7月1日凌晨正式宣誓就任。

董建華上任前夕,因中國政府廢止原過渡方案,並自行成立臨時立法會,董建華候任團隊隨即提出恢復「公安條例」與「社團條例」的嚴格條文。新法規範遊行集會必須事先申請,並禁止政治組織接受外國與台灣的財政援助,遭民主派批評為「恢復惡法」,致使其聲望於執政初期即受挫。

董建華常以「香港好,國家好;國家好,香港更好」作為施政口號,但他在8年任內推出不少爭議性政策,包括「八萬五」建屋計畫、教育改革等,施政屢屢碰壁,最終因爆發嚴重急性呼吸道症候群(SARS)危機,加上強推國家安全立法引發強烈社會抗爭,黯然辭去特首職位。

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