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China's Medical Insurance Reform Eases Patient Burden
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中国新闻网6/11/2026Politics4 min readChina

China's Medical Insurance Reform Eases Patient Burden

Quick Look

China's National Healthcare Security Administration reports a decrease in average inpatient costs for both urban employee and resident medical insurance in 2025, attributed to reforms like diagnosis-related group (DRG) and diagnosis intervention packet (DIP) payments, which also support healthcare institutions and patient access to care.

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

China's National Healthcare Security Administration has implemented a series of medical insurance reforms, with a key focus on shifting payment methods from fee-for-service to diagnosis-related group (DRG) and diagnosis intervention packet (DIP) systems. These reforms aim to control costs, improve efficiency, and reduce the financial burden on patients.

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国家医保局最新公布的数据显示,2025年,全国职工医保次均住院费用11152.69元,居民医保次均住院费用7338.49元,分别较2024年下降4.73%、0.94%,群众就医负担进一步减轻。

参保患者个人负担减轻的成果,得益于医保改革一揽子政策,医保支付方式改革是其中重要一环。按病种付费作为核心改革方向,自2019年启动试点以来,逐步实现全覆盖目标。改革通过支付方式创新,既规范了医保基金使用,又赋能医疗机构内涵式发展,切实减轻参保患者就医负担,构建起医保、医疗机构、患者三方共赢的良好格局。

赋能医疗机构发展。医保支付实现了从原有按项目付费向按病种付费转变,从“后付制”为主向“预付制”为主转变,从手工审核向大数据运用转变,医疗服务供给从粗放管理向精细化转变。2025年,各地普遍建立了预付金、特例单议、意见收集反馈、谈判协商、医保数据工作组等配套机制,省内异地就医住院费用直接结算纳入按病种付费范围,医保治理能力和水平明显提升,为医疗机构高质量发展注入强大动力。

目前,按病种付费已成为医保部门与医疗机构结算住院费用的主要支付方式,推动医疗机构服务质量和效率“双提升”。医疗机构住院费用结构更加合理,2025年,全国按病种付费病例发生的住院总费用中药耗费用占比约37.49%,同比下降约0.52个百分点,医疗服务费用占比约49.17%,同比上升约1.38个百分点。部分地方头部医疗机构病例组合指数(CMI)明显提升,反映医院诊治疑难重症能力不断增强。

患者个人负担持续减轻。按病种付费以主要诊断相同,手术操作和医疗资源消耗相似为标准对病例进行分组,将原来的以医疗服务项目、药品、耗材等为付费单元,转化为以病种为付费单元。各地还结合实际制定了符合基层医疗机构收治的病种,如江苏制定了按病组(DRG)基层病种50个,山东制定按病种(DIP)基层病种105个,在统筹地区内基层病种实行“同病同付”,有效支持基层医疗机构收治相应病例,引导资源下沉,促进分级诊疗,让群众就医更便捷。

在2025年全国职工、居民次均住院费用双降的基础上,部分省份参保患者住院次均自负费用下降明显,如黑龙江、广西、江苏分别下降7.5%、7.2%、4.5%。

另一方面,2019年以来,医保基金累计支出17.78万亿元,年均增速6.81%,持续保持较快增长,按病种付费并没有减少基金支出的总量,用事实化解了“医保支付改革目的是控费”的误读。

特殊病例支付渠道畅通。医保支付改革实施之初,有人担心,医疗机构为节约成本,好药、新技术都将被“雪藏”,不利于患者尤其是重症患者诊疗。支付改革2.0版本推出的特例单议机制,有效破解了这一问题。

作为按病种付费的重要配套机制,特例单议机制主要是针对住院时间长、医疗费用高、新药耗新技术使用等不适合按病种标准支付的病例,经过专家评审通过后可据实或追加支付。国家医保局指导地方落实特例单议工作规则,按月或季度开展特例单议评审,并定期对结果进行公告。据不完全统计,2025年,全国特例单议申请病例243.5万例,审核通过207.1万例,通过率为85.1%,医保基金支出约612.6亿元,通过特例审核的病例次均医保基金支出2.96万元,既为重症患者家庭减负,也以“真金白银”支持医疗机构创新发展、减轻其收治危重患者顾虑。

来源:人民日报客户端

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • Continued refinement and expansion of DRG/DIP payment systems across all regions.

    Very likely · Medium term

  • Further reduction in the proportion of drug and consumable costs in total inpatient expenses.

    Likely · Medium term

  • Increased focus on supporting grassroots medical institutions and promoting hierarchical diagnosis and treatment.

    Likely · Medium term

Open Questions

  • Long-term sustainability of cost reduction trends.
  • Impact of reforms on quality of care for complex cases not covered by special case payments.
  • Further details on the implementation and effectiveness of DRG/DIP in diverse regional healthcare settings.
  • Potential for increased administrative burden on healthcare institutions due to new payment mechanisms.

Related Topics

This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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