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BackMarathon runners show higher rates of precancerous polyps, study finds
Marathon runners show higher rates of precancerous polyps, study finds
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自由时报6/4/2026Health2 min readChina

Marathon runners show higher rates of precancerous polyps, study finds

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  • A study found that 15% of marathon and ultramarathon runners aged 35-50 had precancerous polyps, a rate 7-15 times higher than their peers.
  • Researchers hypothesize that reduced blood flow to the intestines during long runs may cause inflammation and genetic mutations leading to polyp formation.
  • They urge young runners experiencing recurrent rectal bleeding after long runs to undergo colonoscopies.

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2026/06/04 20:56

研究發現,馬拉松跑者出現進行性腺瘤的比例明顯高於一般同齡族群,因此,若長跑後反覆出現便血症狀,應及早接受大腸鏡檢查評估;圖為情境照。(圖取自freepik)

〔健康頻道/綜合報導〕你愛馬拉松嗎?不少長跑與馬拉松愛好者認為,跑步後出現輕微便血是正常現象。食農專家韋恩指出,美國一項研究發現,35至50歲馬拉松及超級馬拉松跑者中,高達15%被檢查出進行性腺瘤,也就是具有較高癌變風險的瘜肉,比例約為同齡一般人的7至15倍。

韋恩在臉書專頁「韋恩的食農生活」與網站發文分享,美國腫瘤科醫師Timothy Cannon在臨床中發現,數名未滿40歲的超馬跑者在沒有遺傳性癌症風險的情況下,以晚期大腸癌就診。這個聚集性異常讓他啟動一項研究,招募100名35至50歲、完成過至少5場馬拉松或2場超馬的跑者接受大腸鏡篩檢。

研究結果顯示,15%出現進行性腺瘤(高癌變風險瘜肉),同齡一般人的預期比例是1至2%;41%至少有一顆任何類型的腺瘤。受試者平均年齡42.5歲,比現行建議初次篩檢年齡45歲還低。

韋恩說明,研究機制假設是:長跑時血液集中供應肌肉,腸道血流量下降,造成大腸反覆缺血、反覆發炎,長期下來可能促成基因突變形成腺瘤。這個機制和「跑者結腸炎」的成因相同,有長跑經驗的人幾乎都有跑後便血的經歷。

韋恩接續提及,跑步社群長期把這件事視為正常、不值得在意。Cannon 的立場是,年輕跑者若在長跑後反覆出現便血,不應再輕易略過,而應安排大腸鏡篩檢。「如果能在不符合現行篩檢標準的族群中提早發現這些癌症,就能救人命。」

韋恩表示,研究仍有限制,研究樣本為94人,沒有同年齡非跑者的對照組,研究已刊登於《Cancer Epidemiology》學術期刊。研究呈現的是相關性,而非因果關係,不能直接推論是長跑造成腺瘤。研究者表示後續將分析飲食因素、訓練量和其他生活習慣,以釐清哪些變數真正在驅動這個趨勢。

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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