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BackGenetic Blood Fat Lp(a) May Increase Heart Disease and Stroke Risk
Genetic Blood Fat Lp(a) May Increase Heart Disease and Stroke Risk
صحة
自由时报24.05.2026صحة3 dk okumaChina

Genetic Blood Fat Lp(a) May Increase Heart Disease and Stroke Risk

نظرة سريعة

  • A genetic blood fat called Lp(a), found in about 1 in 5 people, may increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
  • It's not typically detected in standard cholesterol tests and is largely determined by genetics, making lifestyle changes less effective for lowering it.

ملخص مُنشأ بالذكاء الاصطناعي

لماذا يهم

Some individuals with normal diet, weight, and cholesterol levels still experience sudden strokes or heart attacks. A genetic blood fat called Lp(a) may be a contributing factor. This 'hidden blood fat' is closely linked to genetics, with about 1 in 5 people having elevated levels, often without symptoms or detection in standard tests.

حجم الخط

研究指出,一種名為Lp(a)的遺傳性血脂,可能增加心臟病與中風風險,但一般膽固醇檢查不一定會驗到;示意圖。(圖取自shutterstock)

〔編譯陳成良/綜合報導〕有些人飲食正常、不胖,也沒有膽固醇過高問題,卻仍突然中風或罹患心臟病。國外醫師指出,一種名為Lp(a)的「隱藏血脂」可能是原因之一。這種血脂與基因關係密切,約每5人就有1人偏高,但大多數人平時沒有症狀,也不會出現在一般膽固醇檢查中。

根據科普網站《SciTechDaily》報導,Lp(a)全名為脂蛋白(a)(Lipoprotein(a)),結構與俗稱「壞膽固醇」的低密度脂蛋白(LDL)相似,但多了一種特殊蛋白質。研究人員認為,這可能使它更容易在血管內形成脂肪堆積,也可能增加血栓形成風險。

目前大型研究與國際醫學指引,已將Lp(a)列為心臟病與中風的重要風險因子之一。與一般膽固醇不同的是,Lp(a)主要由基因決定,約70%至90%的差異與遺傳有關,因此即使改善飲食、減重或增加運動,通常也難明顯降低數值。

研究也發現,Lp(a)數值越高,心血管疾病風險通常也會跟著增加。若本身同時有高LDL膽固醇、高血壓、糖尿病或抽菸習慣,風險還可能進一步上升。

一般健檢不一定會驗 新療法正進入研究階段

目前常見降膽固醇藥物「他汀類」(statins)對Lp(a)效果有限,有些患者甚至可能略為升高。不過醫師強調,他汀類藥物仍能有效降低整體心血管風險,依然是重要治療方式。

多家藥廠目前正開發專門針對Lp(a)的新型療法,包括利用「基因靜默」技術,降低肝臟製造Lp(a)的能力。早期臨床試驗顯示,部分新藥可將Lp(a)濃度降低80%至90%。

由於Lp(a)不包含在一般膽固醇檢查中,需要另外抽血檢驗。國際醫學指引目前建議,若有早發性心臟病家族史,或明明生活習慣正常卻出現心血管疾病,可考慮至少檢測一次Lp(a)。

專家也提醒,即使Lp(a)與遺傳有關,仍不代表無法降低整體風險。控制低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、維持運動習慣、不抽菸與控制血壓、血糖,仍是保護心血管健康的重要方式。

ما الذي يجب مراقبته

توقعات الذكاء الاصطناعي — احتمالات وليست حقائق

  • New Lp(a)-targeted therapies will become available and widely used.

    مرجح · المدى المتوسط

  • Lp(a) testing will become a more routine part of cardiovascular risk assessment.

    محتمل · المدى المتوسط

أسئلة مفتوحة

  • What is the exact mechanism by which Lp(a) increases cardiovascular risk?
  • What are the specific names and expected availability of the new Lp(a)-targeted therapies?
  • Are there any specific genetic markers that indicate a higher predisposition to elevated Lp(a) levels?
  • What are the recommended target Lp(a) levels for individuals at high risk?

مواضيع ذات صلة

This article was originally published by 自由时报.

أخبار ذات صلة

المزيد حول هذا الموضوعLp(a)