
央行研究報告指出,受美國關稅壁壘與資安合規要求影響,台灣電子業傳統「台灣接單、中國生產、銷售美國」三角貿易模式正崩解。高科技、資安敏感及高附加價值產品線大量回流台灣生產,中低階產品則轉移至東協或美國在地組裝。2025年外銷訂單在台灣本土生產比重達52.9%,創歷史新高;中國生產比重降至26.2%;銷售至美國的比重降至14.8%。
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報告引用自央行研究,分析自2018年以來台灣電子業外銷訂單生產結構的變化,指出美國關稅與資安合規是主要驅動力。
資料來源:央行研究報告
〔記者高嘉和/台北報導〕過往台灣電子業最典型的「台灣接單、中國生產、銷售美國」三角貿易模式,正因美國關稅壁壘與資安合規要求而迅速崩解。涉及高科技、資安敏感度高及高階附加價值的產品線大量回流台灣生產,中低階產品則轉移至東協或美國在地組裝,驅動台灣本土出口量能的大幅回升。
央行報告指出,台灣外銷訂單的生產結構已出現重大消長。自2018年起,外銷訂單在台灣本土生產的比重即超越中國,至2025年更創下52.9%的歷史新高,較2018年增加5.3個百分點。
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而2025年外銷訂單在中國生產的比重持續下滑至26.2%,與2018年相比大幅縮減20.7個百分點。同時,在東協與美國生產的比重分別提高至11.3%(升9.7個百分點)及5%(升4.1個百分點)。
報告指出,觀察台商在中國生產貨品的最終銷售去處,2025年銷售至美國的比重降至14.8%(較2018年大減12.1個百分點),證實傳統「中國製造、出口美國」模式正加速消退。反之,銷售至美中台以外地區的比重上升至53.2%,反映部分貨品已改道東協等地進行二次加工後再轉出口美國。
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AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
台灣電子業本土生產比重將在未來兩年繼續升高,可能突破55%
Likely · Within months
中國在高端電子代工中的市場份額將繼續下滑
Likely · Within months

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