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Back熱量明明一樣!為何吃下超加工食品胰島素反而升更高?
熱量明明一樣!為何吃下超加工食品胰島素反而升更高?
Health
自由时报5 hours agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

熱量明明一樣!為何吃下超加工食品胰島素反而升更高?

最新研究發現,兩餐熱量與主要營養成分幾乎相同,但食物加工程度不同,會讓餐後胰島素反應、能量消耗及腦部活動出現差異。

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美國維吉尼亞理工學院研究團隊發現,當餐點熱量與主要營養成分相同時,食物加工程度不同仍會導致餐後胰島素反應、能量消耗及腦部活動出現差異。

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Why It Matters

美國維吉尼亞理工學院弗拉林生醫研究所研究團隊針對57名健康成人進行研究,比較低度加工與高度加工餐點對人體的影響。

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兩餐熱量、碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白質等營養條件幾乎完全相同,人體的反應卻可能不同。最新研究發現,食物加工程度不同,會讓餐後胰島素反應、能量消耗及腦部活動出現差異。

據醫學網站《Medical Xpress》報導,美國維吉尼亞理工學院弗拉林生醫研究所研究團隊的成果,5日刊登於《自然代謝》(Nature Metabolism)期刊。研究找來57名18至45歲健康成人,每名受試者分別吃下低度加工與高度加工的兩種餐點,兩次測試至少間隔3天。

研究人員特別把兩餐的熱量、碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白質、水分、鹽分及重量盡量配平,每餐都是300大卡,主要營養成分的差異控制在1%以內。也就是說,這項研究比較的重點不是單純「吃得比較油或比較甜」,而是食物本身的加工程度。

受試者吃完餐點後,研究人員在3小時內多次採血,測量胰島素反應、能量消耗及碳水化合物燃燒情形。結果顯示,高度加工餐引發的胰島素反應較高,血糖也維持較高一段時間;身體消耗的能量較多,但燃燒碳水化合物作為能量的情況也有所不同。

加工程度不同也牽動腦部反應

研究團隊接著利用功能性核磁共振(fMRI)觀察受試者看到食物影像時的大腦活動。結果發現,與學習、動機及獎賞有關的腹側紋狀體與伏隔核等腦區反應,與受試者吃下不同加工程度餐點後的代謝變化有所關聯。

不過,受試者並沒有表示自己願意為高度加工或低度加工食物支付較高價格。研究也不是在證明高度加工食品一定會造成肥胖或疾病,而是顯示在主要營養條件幾乎相同的情況下,加工程度本身可能與人體的代謝及腦部反應有關。

研究共有57名受試者,但只有32人完成代謝與腦部影像兩部分測試,因此樣本仍小。研究團隊指出,這項結果有助於進一步了解食物加工程度與過度攝食及長期健康結果之間的關係,但相關機制仍需要更多研究釐清。

Open Questions

  • 高度加工食品與過度攝食的確切機制為何?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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