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Back治療突破!美實驗性免疫細胞療法 清除小鼠致命腦癌腫瘤
治療突破!美實驗性免疫細胞療法 清除小鼠致命腦癌腫瘤
Health
自由时报26 minutes agoHealth3 min readChina

治療突破!美實驗性免疫細胞療法 清除小鼠致命腦癌腫瘤

研究發表於《科學轉化醫學》,預計2027年4月啟動人體臨床試驗

Quick Look

美國加州大學舊金山分校研發出實驗性免疫細胞療法B-SYNC,在小鼠體內完全清除侵襲性極強的兒童腦癌瀰漫性中線膠質瘤,並提供持續保護效果,預計2027年4月啟動人體臨床試驗。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

瀰漫性中線膠質瘤(DMG)是一種侵入正常腦組織且常生長於腦幹的腦癌,腦幹負責調控呼吸、心跳及吞嚥等重要生理功能,手術切除風險極高甚至無法進行,被診斷的兒童幾乎都會在一年內死亡。

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美國1項研究開發出實驗性免疫細胞療法,成功在小鼠體內完全清除1種侵襲性極強的兒童腦癌,有望帶來重大突破。此研究發表在《科學轉化醫學》期刊上。

根據科學網站《SciTechDaily》報導,瀰漫性中線膠質瘤(DMG)是1種腦癌,它會侵入正常腦組織,且經常生長在腦幹內。腦幹負責調控呼吸、心跳及吞嚥等重要生理功能,因此透過手術切除該區域的腫瘤極具風險,甚至根本無法進行。被診斷出這種疾病的兒童,幾乎都會在1年內死亡。

美國加州大學舊金山分校的研究團隊,針對DMG開發出1項名為B-SYNC的療法,該療法建立在CAR-T細胞療法上。CAR-T細胞是1種經過基因改造的T細胞,CAR-T細胞療法則是透過基因改造技術讓這些細胞能夠辨識癌細胞表面的特定蛋白質,並對癌細胞發動攻擊。而B-SYNC療法在CAR-T細胞的基礎上進一步進行基因工程改造,令這些細胞在進入大腦並感測到特定蛋白質後,才會製造抗癌受體CAR。

研究團隊對DMG小鼠模型實施B-SYNC療法,成功清除所有接受測試小鼠體內的腫瘤。該療法還提供了持續性的保護效果,接受治療的小鼠在將近7週後再次被植入癌細胞,但仍能排斥並抵抗這些癌細胞。

B-SYNC療法特別的地方,在於它能控制CAR-T細胞何時啟動抗癌功能。研究團隊在經過基因改造的CAR-T細胞中,加入1種名為synNotch的感測器,使這些細胞能夠辨識大腦中的Brevican蛋白質。當感測器偵測到這種蛋白質時就會啟動細胞內的機制,促使CAR-T細胞製造特殊受體CAR,使其能夠辨識及攻擊癌細胞。

研究團隊表示,開發這項療法的過程充斥困難。要製造出能夠抵抗DMG,又不會造成無法接受的副作用的CAR-T細胞,是1項艱鉅的挑戰。研究人員指出,此實驗為動物性實驗,不一定完全適用於人類。

研究團隊聲稱,在小鼠實驗取得成功後,團隊正與臨床腫瘤科醫師合作,準備將B-SYNC推進至人體臨床試驗。第一項臨床試驗最快可能於2027年4月開始,研究對象為患有腦部腫瘤的兒童及年輕成人。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • B-SYNC療法將於2027年4月啟動人體臨床試驗,研究對象為患有腦部腫瘤的兒童及年輕成人。

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • B-SYNC療法在人體臨床試驗中的安全性與有效性如何?
  • 該療法是否會造成不可接受的副作用?
  • 人體臨床試驗的具體時間表與研究對象範圍是否確定?

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