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Back巴西總統大選最後一場電視辯論因司法介入被喊停
巴西總統大選最後一場電視辯論因司法介入被喊停
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中央社1 hour agoPolitics2 min readChinaView translation

巴西總統大選最後一場電視辯論因司法介入被喊停

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巴西總統大選前夕,最高選舉法院與最高法院臨時介入,下令修改辯論規則並取消最後一場電視辯論,引發候選人、媒體與民間團體強烈反彈,被質疑侵犯新聞自由與選舉中立性,凸顯司法與媒體在民主制度中的緊張關係。

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Why It Matters

巴西總統大選逼近,原訂當地時間1日晚間舉行最後一場電視辯論,但司法機關在辯論前數小時連續發布命令,要求修改規則並禁止特定安排,最終導致辯論被取消。

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(中央社記者唐雅陵聖保羅2日專電)巴西總統大選逼近,原訂當地時間1日晚間舉行的最後1場電視辯論卻在司法臨時介入下突然喊停,引發政壇與媒體界強烈反彈。此舉不僅打亂候選人最後衝刺的節奏,也凸顯司法與媒體自由之間的緊張關係。

巴西新聞網站G1等媒體報導,巴西最高選舉法院(TSE)與最高法院(STF)在辯論前數小時接連下令,要求修改既定規則。TSE法官阿拉尼亞(Estela Aranha)禁止電視台在現場擺放象徵缺席候選人的空講台,直接影響到勞工黨候選人、現任總統魯拉(Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva)。

隨後,STF大法官曼德斯(Gilmar Mendes)裁定小黨候選人桑托斯(Renan Santos)必須被納入辯論。環球電視台(Globo)表示,連串司法決定造成「法律不確定性」,只得宣布取消辯論。

多位候選人對此表達不滿。保守派的波索納洛之子、候選人佛拉維歐.波索納洛(Flávio Bolsonaro)直言這是「司法政治化的最高點」,形同「審查」。新黨候選人羅梅澤馬(Romeu Zema)則批評司法「偏袒特定候選人」。另有候選人形容辯論是民主的「氧氣」,取消辯論等同剝奪選民比較政見的機會。

巴西主要新聞與出版協會,包括全國報業協會(ANJ)、廣播電視協會(ABERT)與雜誌編輯協會(ANER),罕見發表聯合聲明,指責司法「過度干預」,形同侵犯新聞自由。他們強調,辯論規則早已由各政黨與媒體共同簽署,臨時更改不僅破壞程序,更剝奪公民知情權。

巴西3大報皆在社論中批評司法行動。環球報(O Globo)直言「沒有新聞自由就沒有辯論」;聖保羅頁報(Folha de S. Paulo)認為司法介入「損害選舉中立性」;聖保羅州報(Estadão)更指控司法形成「協助魯拉連任的力量」,嚴厲抨擊司法「以筆代票」干預民主。

分析人士認為,巴西大選引起爭議,司法與媒體在民主制度中扮演關鍵角色,若彼此界線模糊,可能造成選舉公正性遭質疑。巴西的案例提醒各國,維護新聞自由與司法中立,才能確保選民在投票前獲得充分資訊,做出自主選擇。

巴西總統選舉首輪投票將於10月4日舉行。報導指出,這場辯論的取消,讓巴西選民在投票前失去最後一次直接比較候選人政見的機會,也讓國際社會再度聚焦於民主制度的韌性與挑戰。(編輯:韋樞)

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 巴西選舉後續將有更多司法與選舉相關的法律爭議浮現

    Likely · Within weeks

  • 國際社會將持續關注巴西民主制度的韌性與選舉過程的公正性

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 司法機關是否會在選舉後續階段繼續介入選舉程序?
  • 被取消的辯論是否有可能在其他形式或時間重新舉行?
  • 此事件是否會影響巴西選民對司法公正性的信任?

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This article was originally published by 中央社.

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