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Back不忍了!中共五中全會首日 北大等10多校促廢領導人「無限期延任」
不忍了!中共五中全會首日 北大等10多校促廢領導人「無限期延任」
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自由时报2 hours agoPolitics3 min readChinaView translation

不忍了!中共五中全會首日 北大等10多校促廢領導人「無限期延任」

中共五中全會召開之際,網傳高校學生聯名呼籲書要求廢除無限期延任制並啟動民主修憲

Quick Look

中共五中全會召開當日,網傳一份由北大等十餘所高校學生聯名發布的呼籲書,要求廢除國家主席無限期延任制、恢復憲法任期限制並啟動民主修憲。貼文隨即遭刪除,相關截圖在網路上流傳。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

2018年中國修憲刪除了國家主席、副主席連續任職不得超過兩屆的規定。此次呼籲書引用了孫中山、毛澤東及鄧小平關於領導制度的論述。

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中共20屆「五中全會」今日在北京閉門召開,同一天,一份以北京大學為首、10多個中國重點大學,署名「高校在讀本科生與研究生」的聯名呼籲書,先後出現在北大等各大學校內論壇,聲明要求廢除國家主席無限期延任制、恢復中國憲法明定的任期限制,並啟動民主修憲。但貼文多在極短時間內遭刪除,各校貼文頁面的截圖隨後被上傳至暗網「自由國度」論壇,並在網友及海內外中國學子迅速轉傳下,快速擴散至境外社群平台。

這份呼籲書選在「五中全會」及中共紀念孫文誕辰160週年前提出三點期盼,包括廢除國家領導無限期延任制,恢復「中華人民共和國憲法」明確規定的任期限制,黨的最高領導職務應建立明確任期規範;啟動民主修憲、召開國民修憲會議,健全選舉、監督與罷免機制;保障公民依法討論國是的空間。

文件遍採中共體制內脈絡,除引用孫中山1912年就任臨時大總統時預告卸任的誓詞,也引述毛澤東1945年「窯洞對」中「只有讓人民來監督政府,政府才不敢鬆懈」的話,以及鄧小平1980年關於領導制度改革的論述,更強調1982年中國《憲法》確立了國家領導職務連續任職不得超過兩屆的規定,並稱「這些話,都是黨自己說過的話」。

聲明指出,中國在2018年刪除了「憲法」國家主席、副主席連續任職不得超過兩屆的規定,這令學生們感到困惑與不安。學生認為「我們深知國家需要穩定、發展需要連續,但穩定應來自制度的可預期性,而非對個人的依賴」。呼籲中共中央應該展現「自我革命」,讓「權力有期限、受監督」,更強調「憲法」第四十一條賦予公民批評、建議的權利。學生們建議,依憲行使這一權利,更是「出於對這個國家最樸素的愛」;聲明結尾強調「無意對抗,更無意製造對立」。

2018年3月,中國修憲刪除國家主席、副主席連續任職不得超過兩屆的規定。當時官方說明稱,此舉有利於維護黨中央權威和集中統一領導。外界觀察,近年權力日益集中於總書記習近平一人,集體領導傳統遭到削弱。本次全會議程包括政治局向中央委員會報告工作,以及研究持之以恆推進全面從嚴治黨的重大問題。時機同樣耐人尋味。11月12日是孫中山誕辰160週年,中國官方已經準備在中共中央、港澳與海外擴大紀念活動,並將孫中山定調為「中國民主革命的偉大先驅」,並做為年度對台統戰的重要議程。

分析人士指出,中國大學學生跨校公開集體連署這類政治訴求,是1989年六四事件以來罕見的情況,象徵意義明顯。但貼文迅速遭刪、僅能透過截圖流傳,也顯示這類訴求在中國面臨的空間極其有限,連署者後續是否遭到約談或其他處置,有待觀察。

Open Questions

  • 聯名學生是否會面臨後續處置?
  • 呼籲書的真實發起背景為何?

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