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Back对华逆差日逾10亿欧 欧盟要出手
对华逆差日逾10亿欧 欧盟要出手
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德国之声1 hour agoBusiness3 min readChina

对华逆差日逾10亿欧 欧盟要出手

欧盟官员表示对华贸易逆差已达“不可持续”水平,考虑在化工、机械及制药领域采取措施

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欧盟多国部长周五表示,面对日益扩大的对华贸易逆差,欧盟应寻求与北京达成协议,限制化工、机械和制药等行业的进口,以保护本土制造业并应对“中国冲击2.0”带来的工厂倒闭与失业问题。

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Why It Matters

2025年欧盟对华货物贸易逆差超过3700亿欧元。欧洲工业界正面临被称为“中国冲击2.0”的出口潮带来的竞争压力。

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据路透社报道,欧盟多国部长周五(10月23日)表示,面对“不可持续”且具破坏性的对华货物贸易逆差,欧盟应与北京达成协议,限制化工、机械和制药等行业的进口。

本月早些时候,欧盟贸易专员塞夫科维奇(Maroš Šefčovič)已与北京达成一致,欧盟将把自中国进口的混合动力汽车削减一半以上,以应对每天已膨胀至逾10亿欧元的贸易逆差,并支持陷入困境的欧洲汽车制造商。

爱尔兰外交部长麦肯蒂(Helen McEntee)对记者表示,与中国的对话可以成为一块垫脚石,以便“着眼于更多能够解决这种失衡的行业和领域”。

中国需要外国买家来消化大量相对廉价、受国家补贴、本国消费者无法吸收的商品。欧盟则左右为难:一方面欢迎这些进口商品以缓解生活成本压力,另一方面又想把它们挡在门外,以重建本土制造业。

2025年,欧盟对华货物贸易逆差扩大到逾3700亿欧元,今年有望远超4000亿欧元。欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩称这一局面“不可持续”。

欧洲工业界表示,这股被称为“中国冲击2.0”的出口潮已经导致工厂倒闭和工作岗位流失,最突出的是大众汽车将裁减的10万个岗位。

中国过去曾表示,中国不是欧盟问题的根源,而是解决问题的伙伴。

冯德莱恩本周表示,外界对化工和机械行业的担忧日益加深。立陶宛外交部长布德里斯(Kęstutis Budrys)周五表示,制药业也可能被纳入其中。

各国部长并未谈及欧盟在与北京对话的同时可能采取哪些短期措施。

希腊副外长西奥哈里斯(Haris Theoharis)表示,欧盟与中国谈了多年都没有结果,但现在结果正在到来。他在贸易部长会议前说:“我们应该继续参与这一进程,当然也要保留所有选项。”

法国外贸部长级代表福里西耶(Nicolas Forissier)表示,既然欧盟现在用一个声音说话,对话就有了可能。他说,中国当局“在你立场清楚、说话坦率、态度坚定的时候,是能理解的”。

Open Questions

  • 欧盟将采取何种具体的短期限制措施?
  • 中国政府将如何回应欧盟的限制提议?

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This article was originally published by 德国之声.

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