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Back巴紐非孤例》近10年中國恫嚇逼我駐外館處改名、搬家案例層出不窮
巴紐非孤例》近10年中國恫嚇逼我駐外館處改名、搬家案例層出不窮
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自由时报18 minutes agoPolitics3 min readChinaView translation

巴紐非孤例》近10年中國恫嚇逼我駐外館處改名、搬家案例層出不窮

外交部:巴紐行為嚴重影響雙方長期合作建立的互信基礎,未來將把外交資源重新投入友邦及其他具合作潛力地區

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巴布亞紐幾內亞今年7月片面宣布關閉我駐處,近日再要求我方人員限期離境,外交部6日宣布主動關閉駐巴紐代表處並撤回所有人員。美國國務院稱這是北京對台恫嚇的又一例證。2017年以來,我駐外館處在中國壓力下接連遭遇摘牌更名、被迫遷出首都,巴紐是第一個從更名、降級一路走到主動關館的案例。

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Why It Matters

2017年以來,中華民國駐外館處在中國壓力下接連遭遇摘牌更名、被迫遷出首都。巴布亞紐幾內亞是第一個從更名、降級一路走到主動關館拿回主動權的案例。斐濟是歷年唯一成功復名的案例,但2024年又在中國壓力下改回「台北商務辦事處」。南非案例仍在進行中,我方曾預告將47項半導體相關貨品輸往南非改採核准作為反制,南非隨即請求協商,我方才同意暫緩。

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巴布亞紐幾內亞外長特卡琴科(Justin Tkatchenko)今年7月於社群媒體發布聲明表示,巴紐重申一中原則,並將關閉我國設立於巴紐首都莫士比港的駐處。(圖擷取自Justin Tkatchenko臉書)

巴布亞紐幾內亞今年7月片面宣布關閉我駐處後,近日再度要求我方人員限期離境,外交部6日宣布主動關閉駐巴紐代表處、撤回所有派駐人員。美國國務院隨後表示,這是北京對台恫嚇的又一例證。事實上,巴紐並非單一事件,2017年以來,我駐外館處在中國施壓下接連遭遇摘牌更名、被迫遷出首都,巴紐則是第一個從更名、降級一路走到主動關館拿回主動權的案例。

我國1990年2月在巴紐首都莫士比港設立「中華民國(台灣)駐巴布亞紐幾內亞商務代表團」,是少數在非邦交國仍使用國號的駐外機構。2018年2月,巴紐在中國壓力下要求代表團更名、摘除館牌,並沒收外交及領事車牌,同年5月更名為「駐巴布亞紐幾內亞台北經濟文化辦事處」,2024年再降格為「駐巴布亞紐幾內亞台北經濟辦事處」。巴紐外長特卡琴科(Justin Tkatchenko)今年7月15日以「一個中國政策」及與中國建交50週年為由,宣布關閉我駐處並停止其運作。

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中國打壓我駐外館處 類似手法2017年已大規模出現

類似手法在2017年已大規模出現。時任外交部亞西及非洲司長陳俊賢當時證實,共有奈及利亞、巴林、厄瓜多、杜拜、約旦等5個非邦交國的我駐處,遭中國施壓要求改名。其中奈及利亞2017年初公開要求我駐處遷出首都阿布加、更名並縮減人員,同年6月更派武警封鎖駐處、強制人員離開,我駐處最後遷往商業大城拉哥斯,改稱台北貿易辦事處;厄瓜多、杜拜駐處名稱中的「中華民國」字樣,也先後被改為「台北」。

南太平洋的斐濟則出現多次轉折,2019年7月,斐濟前政府在中國施壓下,將「中華民國駐斐濟商務代表團」更名為「駐斐濟台北商務辦事處」;2022年底斐濟政黨輪替後,新政府於2023年恢復我駐處原有名稱與外交特權,是歷年唯一成功復名的案例,但2024年又在中國壓力下改回「台北商務辦事處」,外交特權同遭取消。

非洲的南非則是仍在進行中的案例。南非自2023年底起多次要求我駐處遷離行政首都普勒托利亞;2025年3月,南非外交部官網逕將「台北聯絡代表處」降級更名為「台北商務辦事處」,並把地址改列約翰尼斯堡;同年7月更以政府公報公告,將我在南非的兩處館處改名為「駐約翰尼斯堡台北商務辦事處」及「駐開普敦台北商務辦事處」。對此,我方一度預告將47項半導體相關貨品輸往南非改採核准制作為反制,南非隨即請求協商,我方才同意暫緩。

港澳方面,香港政府2021年5月停止其駐台辦事處運作,同年7月底最後一名駐港我方官員因港府拒發工作簽證返台;澳門也自2021年6月19日起暫停駐台辦事處運作,我駐澳人員則因拒簽一中承諾書陸續撤回。

歐洲也同樣出現波瀾,我國2021年11月在立陶宛設立「駐立陶宛台灣代表處」,是歐洲首個以台灣為名的館處,中國隨即將兩國外交關係降為代辦級並祭出經貿制裁。立陶宛新政府上任後,總理魯吉尼涅(Inga Ruginienė)今年2月公開稱,當初以「台灣」為名設處是「戰略錯誤」,不排除更名為「台北代表處」;外交部回應,駐處名稱是台立雙方共識,兩國政府並未討論更名。

外交部強調,巴紐近期一連串作為已嚴重影響雙方長期合作建立的互信基礎,也反映中國持續運用政治壓力及經濟影響力,干預他國外交決策、打壓台灣國際空間,各國應有權自主決定與台灣往來及合作的方式,不應受第三方政治脅迫。外交部並指出,未來將把外交資源重新投入友邦及其他具合作潛力、值得經營的地區。

在外交空間遭壓縮的同時,我國也有逆勢進展。2024年10月,駐孟買台北經濟文化辦事處正式揭牌運作,是我國在印度的第3個據點,中國外交部當時並向印方提出交涉。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 中華民國外交部將把外交資源重新投入友邦及其他具合作潛力、值得經營的地區

    Very likely · Within weeks

  • 南非與中華民國關於館處更名與反制措施的協商將持續

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 巴紐要求我方人員限期離境的具體期限是多少?
  • 撤回人員後,駐處資產將如何處理?
  • 美國國務院是否會採取具體外交行動回應此事?
  • 南非半導體反制措施暫緩後,雙方協商進度如何?

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