
中國貨櫃輪「杜拜塔」號9日抵達英國提斯港,標誌著中國首條利用北極航線從亞洲通往歐洲的定期貨運航線正式開通。該航線縮短航程近半,但面臨高保險費、極端天氣、俄羅斯通行費及生態破壞等挑戰,目前年通航量遠低於蘇伊士運河。
AI-generated summary
中國於2017年提出「冰上絲綢之路」構想,2018年發布《中國的北極政策》白皮書,推動北極航道開發。2025年9月,「伊斯坦堡橋」號完成首次試航,驗證航線可行性。
中國貨櫃輪「杜拜塔」號9日抵達英國提斯港。這是中國第一條利用北極航線,從亞洲通往歐洲的新定期貨運航線。(路透)
首次上稿 09-09 23:29
更新時間 09-10 07:29
中國貨櫃輪「杜拜塔」號(Dubai Tower)從浙江寧波舟山港出發、9日抵達英國提斯港(Teesport),完成經北極航線抵達歐洲的首趟定期貨運航行。
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北極航線(又稱北方海航道)從東北亞出發,經白令海峽、沿俄羅斯北部海岸西行直達歐洲,是連接亞洲與歐洲最短的海上航線。相比傳統蘇伊士運河航線約40天的航程,北極航線僅需約20天,航程縮短近半,且全程繞開紅海、麻六甲海峽等地緣衝突高風險海域。
「杜拜塔號」8月15日啟航,搭載儲能櫃、動力電池、光電零組件及新能源零組件等高附加值貨物,貨源集中來自寧波、義烏等長三角製造業集中地。中國「海杰航運」計劃本季共執行八趟北極航程,實行周班營運。南韓也正測試此航線,一艘貨櫃輪上月已啟航前往英國。
此航線源自中國國家主席習近平2017年提出的「冰上絲綢之路」構想。2018年,中方發布「中國的北極政策」白皮書,正式推動北極航道開發利用。2025年9月,「伊斯坦堡橋」號貨櫃輪完成首次試航,從寧波舟山港出發,20天後抵達英國費利克斯托港,驗證了航線的可行性。
恐破壞脆弱北極生態
儘管北極航線優勢明顯,但航運專家認為目前仍不具全面商業可行性。主要障礙包括:需特製強化船隻與破冰船護航、保險費高昂、極端天氣導致航程難以預測,且大部分航線沿俄羅斯北岸行駛,須支付通行費。在西方對俄制裁背景下,許多公司對此持謹慎態度。華盛頓智庫「國防優先」的分析師戈德斯坦也表示,此航線「顯然使中俄關係更加緊密」。此外,通航窗口期有限,每年僅7月下旬至10月左右可航行。紐約時報引用航運分析師說法報導,2025年僅13艘貨櫃輪通過北方海航道,遠低於蘇伊士運河的1800艘以上。
值得注意的是,早在2018年,丹麥航運商馬士基(Maersk)就曾派出首艘貨櫃船穿越北極航線,但隨後承諾不再走這條航線,以防破壞脆弱的北極生態系統。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
中國海杰航運將本季共執行八趟北極航程,實行周班營運
Very likely · Within weeks
北極航線將受到西方對俄制裁的影響,部分公司將持謹慎態度
Likely · Within months
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