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Back德州低稅天堂恐成過去式!民主黨新州長放話砍優惠 200多家企業皮繃緊
德州低稅天堂恐成過去式!民主黨新州長放話砍優惠 200多家企業皮繃緊
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自由时报24 minutes agoPolitics2 min readChinaView translation

德州低稅天堂恐成過去式!民主黨新州長放話砍優惠 200多家企業皮繃緊

美國期中選舉後德州政治版圖變遷,企業租稅優惠政策或將調整

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美國期中選舉落幕,民主黨候選人希諾霍薩擊敗尋求第四任期的共和黨籍現任州長艾波特,當選德州州長。過去七年超過200家企業遷入德州,包括特斯拉、SpaceX、三星電子等。希諾霍薩主張取消部分企業租稅優惠,企業界對營運成本與政策環境變化表示關注。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

德州長期以低稅負及企業友善政策吸引投資,過去七年超過200家公司將營運據點遷往當地。共和黨執政期間積極透過企業租稅優惠塑造有利企業發展的營商環境。

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美國期中選舉落幕,過去7年吸引超過200家企業遷入的美國德州,選後政治版圖出現重大變化。民主黨候選人希諾霍薩(Gina Hinojosa)擊敗尋求第四任期的共和黨籍現任州長艾波特(Greg Abbott),民主黨勢力更從格蘭德河谷一路延伸至達拉斯,由於希諾霍薩主張取消部分企業租稅優惠,特斯拉(Tesla)、SpaceX、三星電子等近年遷入德州的企業,未來恐面臨營運成本與政策環境變化。

德州長期以低稅負及企業友善政策吸引投資。過去7年,超過200家公司將營運據點遷往當地,共和黨執政期間更積極透過企業租稅優惠,塑造有利企業發展的營商環境。不過這次選舉結果可能改變德州原有的招商政策,也讓企業重新評估當初遷入的經濟誘因是否還能維持。

希諾霍薩在競選期間已明確表態,反對政府透過補貼及租稅優惠扶植企業。她10月接受德州公共廣播電台NPR旗下媒體Kut News訪問時表示:「我確實認為,我們應該徹底取消這個州對企業的福利補貼。」她特別將批評矛頭指向資料中心所享有的租稅優惠。

德州目前不對個人及企業徵收所得稅,雖然年營收超過100萬美元的企業仍須繳納特許經營稅(franchise tax)。不過,艾波特任內已簽署法案,擴大企業適用特許經營稅的免稅範圍。若德州新政府推動調整相關優惠,過去依賴低稅負及政策誘因進駐的企業,可能受到影響。

除了州長選舉,共和黨在其他選戰也遭遇挫敗。共和黨聯邦參議員候選人、德州檢察長派克斯頓(Ken Paxton),以超過100萬票的差距敗給民主黨州眾議員塔萊里科(James Talerico)。共和黨雖然保住州參議院控制權,但部分競爭激烈的州眾議院選區,截至週三仍在計票,選舉結果尚未出爐。

選舉結果也引發企業界關注。科技企業家卡拉卡尼斯(Jason Calacanis)在社群平台X發文表示:「我從沒想過德州會變成民主黨的天下。我搬來這裡,就是為了遠離左派的瘋狂!」反映部分企業人士對德州政治方向轉變的憂慮。

根據艾波特辦公室彙整的資料,近年將營運據點遷往德州的大型企業包括SpaceX、特斯拉、X平台、雪佛龍(Chevron)、三星電子美國公司(Samsung Electronics America)、甲骨文(Oracle)和8VC等20多家企業。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 德州新政府將推動取消部分企業租稅優惠,特別是資料中心相關補貼

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 新政府具體會取消哪些企業租稅優惠?
  • 特許經營稅免稅範圍會否縮小?
  • 州參議院與州眾議院最終選舉結果如何?

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