
美國陸軍於10月2日成立『未來與自主系統司令部』(FASCOM),計畫於2028會計年度開始將自主系統納入裝甲、砲兵、航空、工兵及後勤部隊,並調整部隊結構、武器採購與人事制度,以推進有人-無人協同作戰能力。
AI-generated summary
美國陸軍長期探索無人機與機器人在戰場上的應用,但此次改革旨在將自主系統從實驗階段納入固定編制,涵蓋多個兵種並調整採購與人事制度。
圖為101空降師一輛「獵人狼」(Hunter Wolf)無人車參與演習。(DVIDS)
〔記者吳哲宇/綜合報導〕美國陸軍準備大幅改造未來部隊編制,正式成立「未來與自主系統司令部」(FASCOM),目標不再只是零星測試無人機與機器人,而是直接把自主系統納入裝甲、砲兵、航空、工兵及後勤部隊,並要求優先能力最晚在2028會計年度開始進入作戰單位。
軍聞網站報導,美國代理陸軍部長特勒(Adam R. Telle)於10月2日簽署成立FASCOM備忘錄,同時要求調整部隊結構、武器採購與人事制度。FASCOM將整合技術研發、採購及部隊設計,讓自主系統從「實驗裝備」轉變為部隊固定編制。
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改革至少涵蓋航空、裝甲、火力、後勤、工兵與訓練6大領域。未來裝甲部隊可派地面機器人先行偵察或清除路線;砲兵可利用自主航空器擔任前進感測器;航空部隊則能把無人系統派到直升機前方數十公里搜索甚至攻擊敵軍。
報導指出,美陸軍還將設置「自主系統專案採購主管」,統籌自主火力、自主戰鬥車輛、無人補給船艇、機器人破障,以及偵察、監視與目標獲得等能力,並將「有人-無人協同」列為核心項目。
相關技術其實已開始驗證。今年2月,AH-64E「阿帕契」曾發射ALTIUS 700中程武器,這類小型自主航空器可依酬載執行偵察、電子戰或動能打擊;6月UH-60M「黑鷹」也成功發射並控制多架中程飛行武器,讓直升機不必深入高威脅區域,就能把感測器與武器送往前方。
後勤同樣走向無人化。美陸軍今年已採購「聯合自主空中補給系統」,替分散部署部隊空運物資;另有6家公司參與「步兵最後一哩戰術補給」計畫,以地面機器人執行彈藥補給、傷患後送及通訊網路延伸。
報導指出,發展自主系統並非單純用機器取代士兵,而是在不增加人員暴露風險下,讓一支部隊能同時運用更多感測器、載具與武器。陸軍甚至已新設機器人技術官職類,並準備擴編戰術無人航空系統專業人員。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
美陸軍將在2028會計年度開始將首批自主系統納入作戰單位
Very likely · Within years
有人-無人協同將成為美陸軍未來訓練與裝備發展的核心項目
Likely · Within years

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