
“宋陵与宋文化”国际学术研讨会在郑州举行,探讨北宋皇陵的保护与价值
郑州大学举办“宋陵与宋文化”研讨会。专家指出北宋皇陵是研究宋代国家形态及中华文明连续性的关键样本。近期,澳大利亚返还了两件流失的宋陵石刻文物,目前河南正通过数字化手段及“不罩、不修、不搬”的原则进行保护。
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北宋皇陵位于河南巩义,是现存规模最宏大、保存最完整的宋代帝王陵寝群。近期澳大利亚向中方返还了两件流失的宋陵石刻文物。
中新网郑州11月2日电 (王佳宁)郑州大学2日消息,由郑州大学、河南省文物考古研究院主办的“宋陵与宋文化”国际学术研讨会暨中国考古学会陵墓考古专业委员会2026年年会上,多位考古专家认为,北宋皇陵(以下简称“宋陵”)对理解宋代国家形态与中华文明的文明特质具有重要意义。
宋陵位于河南巩义,是中国现存规模最宏大、保存最完整的宋代帝王陵寝群。10月28日,澳大利亚国家美术馆向中方返还北宋皇陵永裕陵武官像头部和永昌陵文官像头部两件流失文物。
河南省文物局总工程师梅志刚表示,宋陵是北宋政治制度、堪舆观念、丧葬礼俗与建筑艺术的集大成者,其所呈现的“山陵一体、陵城相望”格局,既承汉唐帝陵之规制,又开两宋一代之新范,与开封城共同构成了理解宋代国家形态与社会生活的完整空间样本。
“宋陵充分体现中华文明连续性、多元一体的文化特质。”在郑州大学考古学科首席教授韩国河看来,宋代是中国古代文化发展的高峰,皇陵石刻既是赵宋礼仪制度与对外交流的镜像,也是宋代雕刻艺术写实与写意结合的典范,尤其是宋陵上承汉唐陵寝之大成,下启明清帝陵之先河,是中华文明连续性特质的突出反映。
千百年来,宋陵历经战火侵蚀与岁月风化,仍有1027件石刻造像伫立在麦田中,而代表皇帝出行仪仗的石像生,则分散在大面积农田和数十个村庄中。
近年来,河南围绕宋陵进行了一系列保护与研究工作。自2024年起,河南省文物考古研究院对北宋皇陵开展全方位考古调查与勘探,目前已厘清献殿的位置、下宫建筑形制及磉墩柱网分布。
其间,与会的多位专家围绕新时代宋陵系统性保护及活化利用展开深度探讨。
“综合多种因素,宋陵保护最终的选择是不罩、不修、不搬。”巩义市文物局局长朱星理表示,石像站在这里,就是历史文化的自然体现。罩上玻璃后,高温不通风,反而会加速其衰坏。
他强调,在“保护第一、加强管理、挖掘价值、有效利用、让文物活起来”的基础上,巩义将打造“一陵一景一特色”,让宋陵四季皆景,加强活化利用。
郑州大学党委副书记杨萌芽介绍,近年来,郑州大学考古学学科创新中心在宋陵研究方面,已建成“北宋皇陵数字化保护与虚拟重建展示云平台”“陵墓考古研究资料管理系统”等数据库,让千年石像生与陵园格局在数字空间中被永久保存、精细复原。
韩国河认为,宋陵保护研究工作任重道远,建议坚持实证考古、深化价值阐释、做好系统性保护利用,统筹遗址保护、城乡发展与文旅融合,充分发挥宋陵文明交流互鉴的桥梁作用。

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