
專家指出,父母對應屆畢業生子女的就業焦慮 understandable,但過度介入反而不利子女發展。當前美國22至27歲大學畢業生失業率為5.7%,就業不足率達42%,求職環境已數位化且缺乏人情味,傳統職涯建議可能過時。父母應以探詢態度了解子女經歷,而非急著給出過時建議,可協助子女撰寫冷郵件或寫感謝信等具體行動,以建立真實人際關係作為求職差異化因素。
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當前美國就業市場對應屆大學畢業生不利,22至27歲族群失業率為5.7%,高於總體失業率4.1%;就業不足率達42%,顯示許多畢業生從事與所學不符的工作。求職過程日益數位化,AI面試等新現象讓年長一代難以適應。
看著自己的新鮮人孩子展翅高飛、踏入職場世界,可能令人感到緊張不安,但專業人士給父母一項重要建議:別急著插手。(資料照)
〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕看著自己的新鮮人孩子展翅高飛、踏入職場世界,可能令人感到緊張不安,但專業人士給父母一項重要建議:別急著插手。父母們需要了解到,他們提供的職涯建議雖然是非常寶貴的建議,但在現在的環境上,同時也是「完全派不上用場的」,因為如今的求職環境,已經和他們那時的環境大大不同。
《CNBC》報導,普立茲獎得主、記者兼《How to Start: Discovering Your Life’s Work》作者坎特(Jodi Kantor)表示,現在許多父母對年輕成年子女的就業前景感到「非常焦慮」。
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對年輕勞工而言,目前美國就業市場相當艱難。根據紐約聯邦準備銀行數據,截至2026年6月,22至27歲的近期大學畢業生失業率達5.7%,相比之下,所有勞工的失業率為4.1%。
另一方面,近期大學畢業生也面臨更高的就業不足率:42%的人從事沒有運用到自身技能或教育程度的工作,相較之下,所有大學畢業生的這一比例為33.7%。
坎特有一名正值大學年齡的女兒,她表示自己理解父母的恐懼與挫折:「有些父母省吃儉用、辛苦存錢供孩子上大學,好不容易把孩子送進大學;如今,這個明明做了正確實習、成績又優異的好孩子,卻找不到工作。」
但坎特表示,有些父母在這個過程中「過度介入」,不斷對已成年的孩子唸叨求職策略,或試圖把孩子推向看似更加穩定的職涯領域,而這麼做,並不能幫助孩子為未來的成功做好準備。
《Never Enough》與《Mattering》作者華勒絲(Jennifer Wallace)指出,父母如果太常介入、替孩子解決問題,這種教養方式被稱為「除雪機式教養」(snowplow parenting),反而可能在無意間削弱孩子培養韌性的能力。
華勒絲表示:「目標不是保證你的孩子在工作上永遠不會遇到挫折,而是幫助他成為一個年輕人,讓他知道,當挫折來臨時,自己有能力面對。」
坎特建議父母退後一步,以「探詢」的心態面對這個情況:先問問年輕的成年子女「他們正在經歷什麼,以及他們在就業市場上看到了什麼」,在急著提出自己的想法或意見之前,「要先意識到整個環境已經改變」。
坎特進一步說:「父母們提出的職涯建議之所以寶貴,是因為經過時間考驗的智慧,在困難時刻非常重要;但說它派不上用場,是因為自從我們當年求職以來,一切都已經變了,而我們當年所經歷的那些規則,如今幾乎已經不存在。」
坎特表示,父母輩的人除非最近曾經踏入就業市場,否則很難理解到,現在的求職申請究竟已經變得多麼數位化、多麼沒有溫度。她說:「當我在活動上談到AI面試時,年輕一半的觀眾會點頭,而年長一半的觀眾則會倒抽一口氣,說:『這怎麼可能成為現實?』
坎特表示,父母可以教給剛踏入社會孩子的,是如何建立真正的人際關係。她說:「矛盾的是,求職申請越來越數位化,真實的人際關係反而越重要。」
例如,你可以主動提出幫孩子撰寫或修改一封寄給潛在雇主的「冷郵件」(cold email)。坎特建議,內容應該「簡短」,而且「親切但不要過度熟絡」。此外,許多經過時間考驗的職涯建議在今天仍然適用,例如在求職面試後寄出感謝信。
坎特表示,在大量由AI生成的求職申請充斥的情況下,這些習慣可能成為年輕求職者的重要「差異化因素」。
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AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
隨著AI在求職中的應用增加,真實人際關係將成為求職者重要的差異化因素
Likely · Within months

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