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Back美軍擬動用「炸彈之母」轟伊朗?與去年「午夜之錘」鑽地彈有何不同
美軍擬動用「炸彈之母」轟伊朗?與去年「午夜之錘」鑽地彈有何不同
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自由时报2 hours agoDefense3 min readChinaView translation

美軍擬動用「炸彈之母」轟伊朗?與去年「午夜之錘」鑽地彈有何不同

川普證實未排除再次攻擊伊朗核設施的可能性,美媒指美軍正評估動用GBU-43/B大型空爆炸彈計畫。

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美媒報導美軍正規劃在川普下令時,可能動用GBU-43/B「炸彈之母」打擊伊朗能源及核設施。川普日前證實未排除再次攻擊伊朗核設施的可能性,但強調不會動用核武。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美國與伊朗軍事衝突未歇,美軍曾於去年6月對伊朗發動「午夜之錘」行動,轟炸伊朗核設施。

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美媒近期指,美軍可能動用GBU-43/B「大型空爆炸彈」打擊伊朗。

美國與伊朗軍事衝突未歇,美國總統川普近日證實,尚未排除再次攻擊伊朗核設施的可能性。美媒《CNN》、《CBS》報導,美軍可能動用GBU-43/B「炸彈之母」(MOAB)的攻擊計畫,打擊伊朗能源及核設施。值得注意的是,這款重達9.8噸的巨型炸彈,與美軍去年6月「午夜之錘」行動使用的GBU-57鑽地彈截然不同,前者著重廣泛爆炸衝擊,後者則專門摧毀深埋地下的堅固目標。

根據美媒《CNN》15日報導,美軍已規劃在川普下令恢復軍事行動時,可能使用GBU-43/B攻擊伊朗。川普隨後接受保守派媒體《Newsmax》訪問表示,不會動用核武,並強調「炸彈之母」並非核武,而是一款威力極大的常規炸彈,但未說明是否已批准使用。

GBU-43/B全名為「大型空爆炸彈」,又有「炸彈之母」的暱稱,全彈長約9.17公尺、重量約9800公斤,內含約8480公斤炸藥,爆炸威力約相當於11噸TNT,主要藉由巨大衝擊波毀壞地表目標。根據美國軍事研究資料,GBU-43/B強烈爆炸影響半徑約150公尺,不過,實際毀傷範圍依地形、建築物防護程度及爆炸條件而異。

美軍曾於2017年對伊斯蘭國投擲GBU-43/B,造成巨大破壞。

由於GBU-43/B體積龐大,須由MC-130系列特種作戰運輸機自機尾空投。美軍曾於2017年4月、也就是川普第一任期之時首次實戰使用,攻擊阿富汗境內伊斯蘭國的洞穴及坑道據點。

相較之下,美軍去年6月對伊朗發動的「午夜之錘」行動,轟炸伊朗核設施的GBU-57「巨型鑽地彈」,全彈重量約13.6噸,雖比GBU-43/B更重,但炸藥裝填量約2600公斤,反而少得多。這是因為GBU-57採用厚重、高強度彈體,藉此穿透深厚岩層及堅固防護結構後爆炸,而非追求大範圍空爆效果。

美軍在去年「午夜之錘」行動之中,出動7架B-2匿蹤轟炸機,投擲14枚GBU-57攻擊伊朗福爾多、納坦茲核設施,另以戰斧巡弋飛彈攻擊伊斯法罕。

不過,GBU-43/B並非專用鑽地武器,面對深埋岩層之下的核設施,未必能發揮與GBU-57相同的破壞效果。目前美軍仍處於攻擊計畫評估階段,尚未證實將動用「炸彈之母」。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美軍評估並決定是否對伊朗核設施動用GBU-43/B

    Possible · Within weeks

Open Questions

  • 美國總統川普是否最終會批准使用GBU-43/B?
  • 伊朗對此可能採取何種報復措施?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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