
三星與SK海力士迎來超級榮景,但專家憂心2029年恐現供過於求,經濟高度依賴半導體成隱憂。
韓媒專欄示警,受全球記憶體擴產及中國2028年量產RAM影響,韓國僅剩2至3年黃金窗口期。若未及時準備新成長產業,2029年恐因供過於求面臨經濟反轉風險。
AI-generated summary
三星電子與SK海力士受惠於AI帶動的記憶體超級循環,推升韓國出口與經濟指標。
韓國記憶體產業正迎來超級榮景,但好日子還能持續多久?韓媒15日刊登專欄示警,隨著全球記憶體廠大舉擴產,2029年恐出現供過於求,韓國只剩2至3年黃金窗口期。特斯拉執行長馬斯克也在社群平台X上轉發相關消息,直言「中國專門在2028年將大量生產RAM」,讓記憶體市場未來的供需變化再度受到關注。
韓國《每日經濟新聞》在一篇題為〈韓國半導體榮景還能持續多久〉的專欄中指出,三星電子與SK海力士受惠記憶體超級循環,正全面改寫韓國經濟指標。三星市值達1500兆韓元,SK海力士達1000兆韓元,預估今年韓國出口額將達1兆美元,其中半導體占48%,人均GDP也有望逼近4.5萬美元。
然而,繁榮背後卻隱藏高度依賴單一產業的風險。韓國上半年半導體與IT產品出口約2200億美元,遠高於汽車產業的359億美元及石化產業的300億美元。專欄直言,韓國儼然成為「半導體共和國」,從經濟成長、政府稅收、匯率到薪資,都與半導體景氣緊密相連。
專欄指出,全球半導體市場通常由記憶體占20%、非記憶體占80%,但受AI需求推動,今年記憶體市場規模預估達8370億美元,占整體1兆5500億美元市場的一半以上。韓國雖在記憶體領域占有優勢,非記憶體市場卻由美國輝達、英特爾、博通等企業主導,晶圓代工則是台積電的強項。
專欄直言,韓國的命運猶如頭頂上懸著一把達摩克利斯之劍,半導體榮景背後,正隱藏著一觸即發的危機。首爾大學教授黃喆成(音譯)與韓國半導體產業協會常務理事安基賢(音譯)認為,2028年以前仍屬相對安全期,但2029年起新增產能陸續開出,市場恐轉為供過於求,甚至在2030年前後結束超級循環。
競爭壓力也持續升高。美光正大幅擴建美國愛達荷州工廠,專欄並引述評估指出,中國長鑫存儲、長江存儲與領先業者的技術差距已縮小至1至2年。
警告,韓國只剩2至3年時間發展新的成長產業。若未及時準備,一旦記憶體景氣反轉,出口可能跌破1兆美元,甚至引發貿易赤字、韓元急貶及國民所得下滑。半導體帶來的繁榮,恐怕也將成為韓國經濟最大的隱憂。如何為半導體榮景結束後的時代做好準備,將成為左右下一屆韓國總統大選走向的關鍵。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
2029年起記憶體市場轉為供過於求
Possible · Within months
Reporters learned on the 15th that as of the end of September this year, Hainan had promoted 512 intended investment projects, with a total agreement value of approximately 224.9 billion yuan. The 2026 China·Chengmai International Economic and Trade Fair will be held on October 31 in Chengmai, Hainan.
The new China-North Korea Yalu River Bridge was officially opened on October 15, and an opening ceremony was held. The bridge connects China's Dandong City and North Korea's Sinuiju City in North Pyongyang Province. It is a two-way four-lane highway bridge that will greatly facilitate border trade and logistics transportation between Dandong Port and North Korea.
The 140th Canton Fair opened in Guangzhou on the 15th. The scale of this exhibition reaches 1.55 million square meters, and more than 11,000 of the 32,000 exhibiting companies are high-quality companies. A large number of AI, industrial Internet and green products were unveiled, attracting many overseas buyers to experience.

The weighted index of Taiwan stocks fell 1,655.96 points, and foreign investors slashed 302.555 billion yuan, setting a record for the largest overselling in history. The Financial Supervisory Commission said that the decline in Taiwan stocks was in the middle range among major Asian markets, and it will continue to pay close attention to subsequent performance.

The "Intelligence of Jingchu, Port Connected to the World" exchange conference for Wuhan science and technology enterprises to use Hong Kong to develop overseas was held in Wuhan on the 15th. The event builds a Han-Hong Kong science and technology innovation collaborative platform, and uses Hong Kong's five-year plan policy dividends and innovation and technology funds to help Wuhan science and technology innovation enterprises expand the international market and deepen the coupling of innovation resources between the two places.
Dalian Shipbuilding, a subsidiary of China State Shipbuilding Corporation, delivered the 307,000-ton crude oil tanker "Front Devin" in Dalian, Liaoning Province on the 15th, 77 days ahead of the contract period. On the same day, Big Ship Tianjin delivered the methanol dual-fuel powered 15,000TEU container ship "CMA CGM Lorenzo" of France's CMA CGM Shipping Group.