
澳洲新南威爾斯大學及喬治全球健康研究院等機構參與的全球模型研究估算,若全面替換食鹽,每年可減少約1017萬例新發病例
澳洲新南威爾斯大學及喬治全球健康研究院等機構參與的全球模型研究估算,若全面以富鉀鹽取代一般食鹽,每年可減少約296萬例心血管疾病及慢性腎臟病死亡,並減少約1017萬例新發病例;研究同時提醒腎功能不佳者不宜自行使用。
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世界衛生組織2025年發布的低鈉鹽替代品指引建議一般成人可考慮使用含鉀的低鈉鹽替代品,但不適用於腎功能受損、有其他可能影響鉀離子排泄情況的人,以及兒童及孕婦。研究模型採用75%氯化鈉、25%氯化鉀的配方,透過減少鈉攝取、增加鉀攝取,推估血壓變化及後續心血管與腎臟疾病負擔。
最新研究以全球健康資料進行情境模型推估,若全面以富鉀鹽取代一般食鹽,每年可減少近296萬例心血管疾病及慢性腎臟病死亡;情境照。(圖取自Freepik)
〔編譯陳成良/綜合報導〕日常食鹽若改用含鉀鹽替代品,可能帶來多大的健康效益?一項全球模型研究估算,若全球全面以富鉀鹽取代一般食鹽,每年可減少約296萬例心血管疾病及慢性腎臟病死亡。
這項研究由澳洲新南威爾斯大學及喬治全球健康研究院(The George Institute for Global Health)等機構研究人員參與,11月4日刊登於醫學期刊《自然健康》(Nature Health)。研究團隊運用全球193個國家及地區的資料,評估以富鉀鹽取代一般食鹽的不同情境。
模型估算,若家庭烹調、調味,以及加工食品和餐飲中的一般食鹽都全面改用富鉀鹽,每年可減少約1017萬例心血管疾病與慢性腎臟病新發病例。
研究所稱的富鉀鹽,是以氯化鉀部分取代一般食鹽中的氯化鈉。研究模型採用的配方為75%氯化鈉、25%氯化鉀,透過減少鈉攝取、增加鉀攝取,推估血壓變化及後續心血管與腎臟疾病負擔。
研究團隊指出,全面替換一般食鹽的情境,預估每年可避免約296萬例死亡;若只替換家庭烹調及調味使用的食鹽,則可避免約185萬例死亡。這些數字是依據既有健康與飲食資料建立的模型估算,並非全球實施換鹽政策後實際觀察到的成果。
研究也指出,模型結果受到鈉、鉀攝取與血壓變化等假設影響,實際效益仍取決於政策推行及民眾使用情形。這是模型對特定族群的風險與效益估算,不能解讀為患者自行使用富鉀鹽仍然安全。
腎功能不佳者不宜自行改用
富鉀鹽並非所有人都適合。世界衛生組織2025年發布的低鈉鹽替代品指引,建議一般成人可考慮使用含鉀的低鈉鹽替代品,但不適用於腎功能受損,或有其他可能影響鉀離子排泄情況的人,也不適用於兒童及孕婦。
研究模型也估算,若全面替換一般食鹽,對第3至第5期慢性腎臟病患者而言,血鉀過高可能造成每年約10萬例死亡;另一方面,血壓下降則可能避免約75萬例心血管疾病死亡。
由於市售低鈉鹽通常以氯化鉀取代部分氯化鈉,腎臟病患者,以及使用保鉀型利尿劑等可能影響血鉀藥物的民眾,改用前務必先諮詢專業醫療人員。

Chung Ho Memorial Hospital affiliated with Kaohsiung Medical University held a sharing meeting for transplant patients. Recipients Ms. Hu and Ms. Chen shared their experiences of waiting and transplantation, and signed organ donation cards. The hospital team emphasized that organ donation is a manifestation of extending life and respecting life.

Luo Yijun, Director of Disease Control and Prevention of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, attended the 16th International Medical Symposium and shared Taiwan's 40 years of experience in epidemic prevention and management. He said that the Viperna vaccine has been included in public funds and is undergoing rigorous cost-benefit evaluation. In autumn and winter, "Left and Right New" vaccinations are popular, and he called on the public to take the vaccine as soon as possible to prevent it from running out by the end of the year.

Cai Dezhong, professor of ophthalmology at Yangming Jiaotong University Affiliated Hospital, warned that half of the children in the upper class have bottomed out their hyperopic reserves and entered the early stages of myopia. Their unaided visual acuity can still maintain 1.0, which is difficult to detect with routine eye chart examinations. He called on parents to have at least one dilated eye refraction before their children enter primary school. Early intervention can significantly reduce the risk of blindness due to high myopia.

Changhua Christian Medical Center, together with the Changhua County Nurse Practitioners Association and the Taiwan Dementia Society, will hold an international symposium on long-term care and dementia care on November 7, 2026, inviting experts from Taiwan, Japan and South Korea to exchange ideas, attracting nearly 120 medical and long-term care professionals to participate.

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New Delhi ranked as the world's most polluted major city on Saturday morning with an AQI of 581, prompting doctors to urge residents to wear N95 masks and avoid morning runs as firecrackers ahead of Diwali threaten to worsen toxic air; India ordered schools in and around Delhi to offer online classes and encouraged work from home.