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Back半導體顛覆貿易格局 台韓出口排名大躍進超車日本
半導體顛覆貿易格局  台韓出口排名大躍進超車日本
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自由时报2 hours agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

半導體顛覆貿易格局 台韓出口排名大躍進超車日本

受惠於AI半導體需求,台灣與南韓在全球出口排名中大幅提升,超越日本。

Quick Look

受人工智慧驅動的半導體超級週期影響,全球貿易格局重塑。今年上半年,台灣出口排名由全球第11躍升至第6,南韓則升至第5,兩者皆超越日本,顯示半導體產業對全球出口排名的關鍵影響力。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

人工智慧技術的普及帶動了對高頻寬記憶體(HBM)及相關半導體元件的巨大需求。這使得依賴半導體供應鏈的國家在全球出口排名中獲得顯著提升。

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韓國朝鮮日報報導,人工智慧(AI)驅動的半導體超級週期在短短1年內便完全重塑全球貿易格局,台灣與南韓是最大受惠國,今年前半年其出口排名較去年大幅推進,分居全球第5與第6大出口國,超前排名第9的日本。

朝鮮日報以及大韓貿易投資振興公社(KOTRA)分析世界貿易組織(WTO)與主要貿易國家的統計數據發現,今年前半年,全球10大出口國中第5至第10排名大洗牌,堪稱2009年全球金融危機期間,中國超越德國成為全球最大出口國以來,最劇烈變化。

韓國今年出口有望首度突破1兆美元,其中半導體預計出口規模達4000億美元。今年前半年,韓國出口額4961億美元,較去年同期爆增48.2%,全球排名從第7上升至第5,不僅超越「難以逾越的對手」日本,也逼近全球第4的荷蘭(5315億美元)。

韓國記憶體出口透過全球供應鏈,也推升貿易夥伴的排名。從韓國進口高頻寬記憶體(HBM),以組裝成AI加速器的台灣,今年前半年出口年增46.1%,排名則從全球第11躍升為第6。將亞洲半導體元件組裝成伺服器,出口美國的墨西哥,出口年增24.6%,排名則從第10上升至第8。半導體後端製程與中介中心的新加坡出口年增38.1%,排名從13升至第10。

全球出口排名第3的德國維持相同名次,而傳統的製造強國日本則從去年排名第5掉到第9。

半導體正重塑全球貿易實力。南韓半導體出口上月首次突破600億美元門檻,相當於日本今年每月的平均出口總額(647億美元)。換言之,單單是半導體一項出口,就可與日本整體出口額匹敵。

爆炸性的半導體出口改變全球貿易格局。去年日本為全球第5大出口國,僅次於中國、美國、德國與荷蘭,而排名第6的義大利也讓韓國難望項背,僅在1年之後,全球前10大出口國排名分別為中國、美國、德國、荷蘭、韓國、台灣、義大利、墨西哥、日本與新加坡。

Open Questions

  • 半導體超級週期是否能持續至明年?
  • 日本是否會採取政策應對出口排名下滑?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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