中国石油湖北销售公司宜昌油库因位于中华鲟核心保护区而整体迁建至枝江董市镇姚家港化工园区,采用锯切法零污染拆除复绿,同时三峡集团宣布我国首批全人工繁殖子三代中华鲟鱼苗存活超两月、平均体重突破100克,双向发力助力中华鲟种群复苏。
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中华鲟是存续亿万年的古老洄游鱼类,被誉为“水中大熊猫”,是长江生态健康的核心“活化石”。葛洲坝建成后,中华鲟上游天然产卵场彻底消失,宜昌猇亭江段成为其仅剩的繁育核心区。
极目新闻记者 马卫红
通讯员 王小玲
海报设计 汪滢
万里长江奔涌东流,孕育万千水生生灵。中华鲟作为存续亿万年的古老洄游鱼类,被誉为“水中大熊猫”,是长江生态健康的核心“活化石”。曾经的长江江岸清幽静谧、江水澄澈通透,完整的自然岸线为中华鲟世代洄游繁育提供了绝佳家园。
随着沿江产业开发推进,岸线扰动、水域干扰不断加剧,古老生灵的生存空间持续被挤压。守护中华鲟洄游通道,便是守护长江生物多样性与流域生态根基。
洄游困局:古老鲟鱼的生存之困
湖北省宜昌市的长江猇亭江段水流平缓、生态完好,是中华鲟重要的栖息休憩与繁育区域。而长期临江作业、岸线硬化开发,破坏了水域原生环境,惊扰鱼类栖息,严重阻碍中华鲟正常洄游繁衍。
中华鲟对生存环境极为严苛,洁净水体、安稳岸线是其繁衍生息的必备条件。中国石油湖北销售公司猇亭老油库于2010年建成投运,多年来为保障鄂西成品油供应打下坚实后盾。但受历史规划影响,库区及配套码头地处中华鲟核心保护区,距离唯一产卵栖息地不足20公里,扼守关键洄游通道。
葛洲坝建成后,中华鲟上游天然产卵场彻底消失,这片下游江段成为其仅剩的繁育核心区,生态价值无可替代,临江作业的生态隐患与长江大保护理念相悖。
生态抉择:腾退岸线为鲟让道
为修复江岸生态肌理,还给中华鲟洁净通畅的生命廊道,当地政府和企业坚决践行“共抓大保护、不搞大开发”理念,立足生态大局,果断作出迁建取舍,以油库之“退”,换长江生态之“进”。
中国石油远离生态保护区,重新选址在枝江市董市镇姚家港化工园区内,与原宜昌油库直线距离约35公里,斥巨资新建油库区、码头(含趸船)、油库至码头区间管廊。同时,升级生产工艺与环保设施,彻底告别临江临水作业模式,从源头杜绝生态污染风险。
中国石油宜昌油库郭剂主任介绍,此次整体迁建投入巨大,职工通勤从便捷的市区变为偏远新址,日常工作生活多有不便。但全体员工一致认为,为中华鲟打通完整洄游通道,所有付出都值得。
本次拆除复绿工作全程严守生态底线,坚持零水体污染、零垃圾遗留、零生态扰动。针对原油库大堤斜坡两百吨巨型钢筋混凝土基座,摒弃传统破碎开凿工艺,创新采用锯切法精准拆分、分批转运,彻底杜绝碎石落水、岸坡损毁、扬尘污染等问题,完整保留江岸原生地貌,打造长江岸线生态修复优质样板。
昔日机器轰鸣的码头库区已然复绿,江岸草木葱郁、江水清澈见底,重现水清岸绿、生灵栖息的生态美景。
科研攻坚:繁育接续生命火种
岸线腾退复绿扫清了中华鲟洄游的人为障碍,而针对野生种群稀少、自然繁育困难的困境,科研攻关成为延续物种生命的关键支撑。
今年1月13日,三峡集团长江生物多样性研究中心传来重大喜讯,我国首批全人工繁殖的子三代中华鲟鱼苗顺利度过脆弱期,长势稳定。该批鱼苗于2025年11月破膜,总量11.2万尾,存活超两月、平均体重突破100克,标志着中华鲟子三代规模化繁育取得突破性进展。
科研团队精准模拟中华鲟自然河海洄游环境,科学调控水温、水流、光照、营养等核心要素,减少鱼苗应激反应,完善全人工群体繁育技术体系,实现“40年育三代”的科研硕果,有效破解野生种质资源依赖难题,为种群复苏筑牢技术根基。
如今,人工繁育的中华鲟鱼苗陆续放流入江,成群溯江而上,在澄澈江流中延续亿万年的洄游传奇。库区迁建让出生态通道,科研繁育接续生命火种,双向发力为中华鲟种群复苏注入生机。
未来,随着生态保护持续深化,长江古老生灵必将持续繁衍、生生不息。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
中华鲟种群数量将在未来3-5年内显著回升
Possible · Within years
更多沿江企业将效仿中国石油的生态退让模式
Possible · Within years

Typhoon No. 28 Little Bear intensified into a severe typhoon on the morning of the 11th. It is currently located 700 kilometers east of Iwo Jima, moving north-northwest and will not affect the East Asian land. Meteorological experts pointed out that tropical disturbances are still active in the low latitudes of the western Pacific, and a new typhoon may be generated later this week, named "Qiangpi". However, the follow-up path is very different. Some models predict that it will go westward and approach Taiwan. It is necessary to continue to observe the configuration of the trough line and the subtropical high.

A large number of poisonous man-of-war jellyfish have recently appeared at Waiao Beach on the north side of Wushi Port in Yilan County. Surfers felt severe pain after accidentally touching it, describing it as being "electrically exploded". Tourists also picked up the jellyfish and buried them. The Ocean Council warned that the tentacles of man-of-war jellyfish contain toxin stinging cells. Human contact will cause severe pain and red whip marks. Even if the toxicity may still be fatal, the public is urged not to touch it.

According to the Market Supervision and Administration Bureau of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the Guangxi Institute of Metrology and Inspection, together with the China Institute of Metrology and other units, have built China's first "sky-air-tower-ground" all-element carbon flux comprehensive monitoring application scenario for south subtropical plantations in Pingxiang City. It is equipped with a greenhouse gas analyzer with an accuracy of one part per billion, which can monitor forest carbon sinks and microbial respiration data in real time. It will support China's "dual carbon" strategy, ASEAN ecological cooperation and forestry carbon sink trading.
Wang Longgui, a retired fisherman from Longmatan District, Luzhou City, became a public welfare fisherman after the fishing ban in the Yangtze River. He patrolled a 10-kilometer section of the river for six years and witnessed the return of fish. Through ecological protection, cross-border collaboration and green development measures, Luzhou promotes the restoration of the Yangtze River water ecology and realizes the transformation from "relying on water to draw water" to "protecting water and promoting water".
Affected by the cold air, most areas in the north will experience a temperature drop of 4 to 6°C in the next three days, with a local temperature drop of 8 to 12°C, accompanied by winds of magnitude 4 to 5 and gusts of magnitude 6 to 8. Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei and other places will experience local heavy rain or heavy rain, and southwest, Jiangnan and other places will usher in a new round of rainfall.

The Central Meteorological Administration predicts that the high temperature today will be about 29 to 31 degrees in the northern and eastern half, 31 to 33 degrees in the central and southern parts, and the highest temperature in the inland areas will be 34 to 35 degrees, and may reach 36 degrees in some places. Sun protection and hydration are also reminded. Outlying islands and air quality are also explained. The weather will be mainly cloudy to sunny in the next few days, with occasional brief showers in the east.