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Back农村地区部分老人孩子今年可免费接种流感疫苗
农村地区部分老人孩子今年可免费接种流感疫苗
Health
中国新闻网2 hours agoHealth6 min readChinaView translation

农村地区部分老人孩子今年可免费接种流感疫苗

各地正有序推进农村地区65岁及以上老年人和义务教育阶段中小学生免费接种流感疫苗工作。

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今年以来财政部专门安排资金,支持农村地区65岁及以上老年人及义务教育阶段中小学生免费接种流感疫苗。专家解读接种政策、对象、地点及服务优化措施。

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Why It Matters

秋冬为流感高发季,农村地区老年人与儿童免疫力较弱且接种意愿偏低。财政部今年专门安排资金支持农村重点人群免费接种流感疫苗。

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今年以来,财政部专门安排资金,支持农村地区65岁及以上老年人等群体免费接种流感疫苗,为农村地区“一老一小”重点人群免费提供1剂次三价流感病毒裂解疫苗接种。

目前,各地按照国家政策要求,正紧锣密鼓开展农村地区“一老一小”流感疫苗免费接种工作。哪些人可以免费接种流感疫苗,去哪里接种,如何让更多人享受政策?记者采访了业内专家。

问:为什么要为农村地区“一老一小”提供免费流感疫苗接种?

答:秋冬是流感的高发季,老年人、小孩免疫系统较为薄弱,是流感易感人群。接种流感疫苗是预防流感最经济、有效的手段,可以显著降低重症、死亡风险。中国疾病预防控制中心研究员王富珍建议6月龄及以上人群,特别是“一老一小”、慢性病患者等重点人群,学校、养老机构、福利院等重点场所人员,在流行季节前尽早接种流感疫苗。

过去,流感疫苗收费接种,农村地区人群居住分散,且老年人、小孩人数占比较高,流感疫苗接种意识不强、意愿不高,流感发病率较高。针对他们实施免费接种政策,可以吸引更多人接种疫苗,形成免疫屏障,减少流感群发现象。

问:农村地区“一老一小”具体指哪类人群?

答:“一老”是指65周岁及以上老年人;“一小”是指义务教育阶段的中小学生。

例如,今年,辽宁沈阳市免费流感疫苗接种政策进一步扩容:继将全市65周岁及以上老年人和3—6周岁儿童纳入市政府民生实事免费接种范围后,农村地区义务教育阶段中小学生也被纳入免费接种范围。

问:去哪里可以免费接种流感疫苗,接种的原则、流程和注意事项是什么?

答:目前,各地县(市)医院、镇卫生院(社区卫生服务中心)等医疗卫生机构的预防接种门诊都可以免费接种流感疫苗。一些地方还为养老机构、学校等场所的人员实施预约上门接种服务。

农村地区“一老一小”免费流感疫苗接种,遵循知情、同意、自愿、免费原则,接种全程不收取任何费用。接种前,接种工作人员会告知疫苗的相关情况、不适合接种人群、接种后注意事项等。接种者也应如实告知近期身体情况以及是否有接种禁忌等。工作人员评估确认可以接种、接种者签署知情同意书后,就可以接种疫苗。接种后应在接种单位留观30分钟,无异常后方可离开。如接种后出现持续不适,应及时就医并告知接种单位。65岁以上老年人凭居民身份证进行接种,中小学生除身份证外,还需要带上预防接种证。

问:如何让更多农村群众享受优惠政策?

答:一方面,做好政策宣讲。例如,沈阳新民市镇村联动进行多渠道宣讲:医护人员走进社区面对面科普;乡村大喇叭循环播报,村组微信群推送政策,镇村干部挨家入户走访,专门讲解政策,现场答疑,打消群众疑虑。

另一方面,优化接种服务。比如,山东济宁市兖州区上线流感疫苗预约接种微信小程序,形成“线上一键预约+线下多点服务”模式。兖州区大安镇中心卫生院提供接种门诊延时服务、周末接种专场;针对敬老院行动不便的失能、半失能老人,组织流动接种队伍上门开展接种等。

问:非农村地区“一老一小”重点人群接种流感疫苗如何支付?

答:北京、上海、广东深圳等部分地区针对非农村地区“一老一小”等重点人群接种流感疫苗实施免费政策。比如北京对年龄在60周岁及以上的老年人、在校的各类中小学校学生以及中小学校、养老机构、医疗机构和疾控机构等重点行业一线工作人员实施免费接种流感疫苗政策。

目前,我国大部分地区只对农村地区的“一老一小”实施免费接种流感疫苗。非农村地区“一老一小”接种流感疫苗可以使用职工医保个人账户支付。职工医保个人账户可为本人及已参保的近亲属(配偶、子女、父母等)支付,覆盖流感疫苗费和注射服务费,在社区卫生服务中心、乡镇卫生院等定点医疗机构接种流感疫苗即可使用。

Open Questions

  • 未来免费政策是否会扩展至全国所有非农村地区?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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