
發改委副司長黃瑋茹表示,政府將推動小班制、重新利用閒置學校設施,並擴大養老與育兒服務以應對人口危機
中國官員證實,2021年至2025年間,幼兒園、小學與初中入學人數銳減近1700萬人。發改委副司長黃瑋茹表示,政府將推動小班制、重新利用閒置學校設施,並擴大養老與育兒服務,以應對歷史性人口萎縮帶來的社會與經濟衝擊。
AI-generated summary
自2020年中國總人口達到頂峰後,人口已連續數年下降。去年每千人出生率跌至自1949年以來的最低點,65歲以上高齡人口超過2.23億人。人口危機正嚴重拖累中國經濟,勞動力萎縮使年金與社會服務財政負擔日益沉重。
中國官員證實,2021年至2025年間,幼兒園、小學與初中的入學人數銳減近1700萬人。(法新社檔案照)
首次上稿 11-11 00:15
更新時間 11-11 06:57
中國人口危機正在教育現場引發劇烈震盪!中國官員10日證實,2021年至2025年間,幼兒園、小學與初中的入學人數銳減近1700萬人。這項斷崖式的下跌,迫使北京當局必須對面臨歷史性人口萎縮的社會,進行教育體系的全面調整。
彭博報導,中國國家發展和改革委員會(發改委)社會發展司副司長黃瑋茹在簡報會上表示,政府計畫推動小班制、重新利用閒置的學校設施,並改善高中與大學的學生條件,同時也將提升農民工子女進入城市公立學校的機會。
黃瑋茹坦言,許多家庭同時面臨照顧年邁父母與年幼子女的雙重壓力,「減輕他們的養老與育兒負擔,是我們當前及未來幾年改善民生的首要任務。」
幼兒園招生不滿是中國人口危機長期發酵的最新徵兆。自2020年總人口達到頂峰後,中國人口已連續數年下降。去年,每千人出生率更跌至自1949年以來的最低點,而65歲以上高齡人口卻創下超過2.23億人的新高。
這波人口擠壓正嚴重拖累中國經濟,考驗北京當局緩解消費與投資衝擊的能力。勞動力萎縮使得年金與社會服務的財政負擔日益沉重,政府也更難說服不願生育的年輕夫妻多生小孩。
為此,黃瑋茹承諾,在至2030年的國家5年規劃中,將擴大可負擔的養老與育兒服務,包括將安養院的特殊照護床位比例提高至73%、增加縣級地區的托嬰中心,並鼓勵雇主提供托育服務。當局今年已從中央預算中撥款140億人民幣(約新台幣691億元)補助安養床位與托育名額,並利用超長期特別國債為公立安養院採購11萬套設備。
針對低收入與需要照護的長者,中國政府將提供更多補貼與居家協助,藉此擴大迎合高齡者的「銀髮經濟」。黃瑋茹指出,國家將提供長者在旅遊、文化與體育方面更廣泛的消費選擇,並推廣包括腦機介面與機器人在內的科技應用。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
中國政府將在至2030年的五年規劃中擴大養老與育兒服務,包括提高安養院特殊照護床位比例至73%並增加縣級托嬰中心
Very likely · Within years
政府將推動小班制並重新利用閒置學校設施,以應對入學人數銳減
Likely · Within years

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China has handed over the remains of American airmen killed during World War II while carrying supplies over the Himalayas, following a ceremony in Chengdu.