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Back富有長者健保費嚇死人!賴中強揭藍白之惡:全額補助每年不只400億
富有長者健保費嚇死人!賴中強揭藍白之惡:全額補助每年不只400億
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自由时报2 hours agoPolitics6 min readChinaView translation

富有長者健保費嚇死人!賴中強揭藍白之惡:全額補助每年不只400億

經民連智庫召集人賴中強指出,藍白修法提案理由寫「全面補助」,法條卻寫「全額補助」,若加上股利與高所得者免稅漏洞,每年財政支出絕非400億元,恐拖垮健保財務。

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經民連召集人賴中強踢爆藍白陣營強推「老人福利法」修法,要求中央全額補助65歲以上長者健保費。他質疑藍白混淆「全面」與「全額」補助概念,預估實際支出將遠超官方預估的400億元,恐嚴重衝擊國家財政與健保永續。

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Why It Matters

藍白陣營於立法院強推「老人福利法」修正案,主張由中央全額補助65歲以上長者健保費。

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經民連智庫召集人賴中強。(資料照)

藍白上週五強推「老人福利法」修法,65歲以上長者免健保費,由中央買單,每年預算預估近400億。經民連智庫召集人賴中強昨揭露,藍白在法案提案理由寫「全面補助」,法條卻寫「全額補助」,若屆時以全額補助執行,他舉出8種65歲長者的收入樣態,從每年需補助金額19萬至5萬餘元,再加上若長者有股利所得、利息所得、租金所得等,加總起來絕非只有400億。

賴中強指出,藍白10月16日對全國民眾發動「閃電戰」突襲,修正「老人福利法」第22條第1項規定「老人或其法定扶養義務人就老人參加全民健康保險之保險費,經稅捐稽徵機關核定其最近一年綜合所得總額合計未達申報標準或綜合所得稅稅率未達百分之20者,由中央主管機關全額補助之」

面對各界排山倒海的質疑,賴中強續指,民眾黨團提案理由為目前我國對於老人健保費之補助因各縣市政府財政狀況不一,導致多數縣市無法提供相關補助,違反憲法之平等原則;國民黨團提案理由也是鑑於各縣市因財政狀況不同,面對65歲以上國人健保費全「額」補助而有不同待遇及福利。據衛福部統計,若全「面」補助65歲高齡長者健保費,中央僅需增加400億元支出,僅占113年度中央政府總預算2.99兆元的1.3%。

藍白黨團2024年的提案,都是以「健康平權」「全國一致」作為修法理由。賴中強質疑,若目的是「全國一致」,那為什麼不讓財政狀況良好已有全面補助措施的縣市,繼續原來的地方政府補助,讓中央政府只補助財政狀況不好的縣市來達成健康平權,反而,修法結果是「甩鍋中央」,無論地方財政狀況如何,一律甩鍋中央全面負擔並全額補助?

賴中強批判,現在藍白修正「老人福利法」,要中央負擔原本六都及個別縣市已經在做的老人健保費補助,說實話,這個不是老人福利的提升,更像是「財政收支劃分法」第4次的惡修。

藍白闖下錢坑大禍,每年絕對不只400億!。

賴中強揭露,傅崐萁、黃國昌更無法自圓其說的是,提案理由一下寫「全面補助」,一下寫「全額補助」,提案總說明標舉「全國一致」,提案條文卻出現「全額補助」;這前後兩兩概念意義會相同嗎?還是故作文字遊戲,掏空國庫,並誤導大眾,請傅崐萁與黃國昌不要閃躲!

賴中強更以台北市為例,台北市現行補助額度是「每人每月至多補助826元,低於826元者核實補助。」至多補助826元,這個當然不是「全額補助」。如果藍白是要求「全國一致」比照台北市的作法,「全面補助」全國老人每月826元保險費,全國65歲以上人口467萬人,扣除中央已經負擔之70歲以上低收入戶等,確實一年新增費用大約400億元,這也是衛福部估算的。

但是,現在三讀通過的條文,藍白是要政府「全額補助」6類老人無論是被保險人或眷屬身分的「全額保費」,這個絕對超過400億元,精算後絕對是個驚人數字。賴中強舉例,首先,一位滿65歲還在工作的高薪長者,是依照每月投保薪資計算保險費,上限是31萬3000元,費率是5.17%,受雇者健保保費負擔比例是30%。全額補助是中央政府每月補助此人4854元,每年補助5萬8248元。

賴中強續指,一位滿65歲的公司或商號老闆,則是依照每月營利所得計算保險費,上限是31萬3000元,費率是5.17%,老闆自己的健保費負擔比例是100%。全額補助是中央政府每月補助此人1萬6182元,每年補助19萬4184元;其三,一位滿65歲的開業醫師、律師、會計師、技師,是依照每月執行業務所得計算保險費,上限是31萬3000元,費率5.17%,執行業務者自己保費負擔比例是100%。全額補助是每年補助19萬4184元。

他再指,若滿65歲長者,以兒女的眷屬身分投保,兒女月薪或每月營利所得、行業務所得如上列三項也將補助對應金額。此外,如果這位滿65歲長者有股利所得、利息所得、租金所得,原本應依2.11%繳納補充保費,藍白卻要中央政府「全額補助」。

另,針對藍白所設「排富條款」。賴中強提醒,綜合所得稅稅率20%的適用標準,其綜合所得「淨額」為138萬元,至於這個人綜合所得「總額」多少,那就各顯高明。近年來,政府推動各項免稅額、標準扣除額、列舉扣除額、特別扣除額的提高,加上富人善於稅務規劃,中高所得有低稅負者,並非罕見。

他羅列,財政部統計2024年綜所稅申報,年收入逾2000萬元免繳所得稅,全國有4戶;年收入1000萬至2000萬元免繳所得稅:全國有約5至7戶;年收入200萬元以上卻免繳所得稅:全國共計約634戶。

賴中強表示,這麼高的健保費,就是健保「量能課費」的成果,也正是這樣的貧富相扶持,共同體的社會團結,撐起舉世羨慕的台灣健保。但是,現在藍白要用中央政府「全額補助」老人健保費來拖垮健保財務。

請藍白收手!健保財務惡化絕非全民之福。

近年來,健保保費增加追不上給付之增加,賴中強示警,2023年以來,政府動輒撥補健保財務每年數百億元,修法後全國適用所得稅率20%以下之65歲以上老人全面免繳健保費,資源排擠的結果,中央政府將無力再撥補健保財務缺口。

賴中強分析,健保財務惡化的結果,要嘛節省支出,降低給付擴大部分負擔或健保不給付項目,要嘛增加收入,提高保費。健保費率被迫調升的結果,不僅一般民眾負擔增加,雇主健保費負擔增加後,也將延緩全國勞工薪資的調升。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 健保財務惡化可能迫使未來調升健保費率或降低給付

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 中央政府將如何籌措暴增的健保補助經費?
  • 未來健保費率是否將因此被迫調升?

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