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Back手握480萬、月領4.8萬仍不夠花!68歲節儉男漏算「這筆開銷」 存款慘腰斬
手握480萬、月領4.8萬仍不夠花!68歲節儉男漏算「這筆開銷」 存款慘腰斬
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自由时报21 minutes agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

手握480萬、月領4.8萬仍不夠花!68歲節儉男漏算「這筆開銷」 存款慘腰斬

日本案例揭示退休规划中常被忽视的固定开支

Quick Look

日本68岁退休男性佐藤博(化名)退休金1600万日圆、每月养老金24万日圆,却因公寓管理费调涨、老家维护费及物价上涨,每月入不敷出5万日圆,原本1000万日圆存款已缩水近半。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

日本退休男子佐藤博工作42年,60岁退休时领取1600万日圆退休金,先还清房贸,保留1000万日圆作为生活费,之后继续工作至65岁。65岁开始领取公共养老金,夫妻每月合计收入24万日圆。

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日本1名68岁退休男子佐藤博(化名)原以为,自己工作42年,退休时领取1600万日圆(约新台币320万元)退休金,还提前还清房贷,加上夫妻每月合计领取24万日圆(约新台币4.8万元)养老金,应该足以安稳度过晚年。没想到,公寓管理费调涨、老家维护费及物价上涨接连增加负担,即使没有房贷,每个月仍入不敷出5万日圆(约新台币1万元),原本准备养老的1000万日圆(约新台币200万元)存款,也已经缩水近半。

日媒报导,佐藤博曾在东京1家中型制造企业工作42年,60岁退休时年收入最高约650万日圆(约新台币130万元),领取约1600万日圆退休金。当时他先拿出约600万日圆(约新台币120万元)1次还清剩余房贷,另外保留1000万日圆作为退休生活费,之后又依照再就业合约继续工作至65岁。

佐藤65岁开始领取公共养老金,每月约17万日圆(约新台币3.4万),65岁妻子则每月领取约7万日圆(约新台币1.4万),夫妻合计每月有24万日圆收入,扣除相关费用后,实际可运用金额约21万日圆(约新台币4.2万元)。由于没有房贷,两人原本认为这样的收入足以应付日常生活。

然而,真正的退休开销远比预期沉重。佐藤30多岁时购买的郊区公寓屋龄已超过35年,随着设备老化,管理费与修繕积立金不断调涨,最近每月支出已增加至3.8万日圆(约新台币7600元)。更让他措手不及的是,因应供水及排水管线更换,管理组合还决定向每户一次性收取50万日圆(约新台币10万元)。

佐藤原以为房贷还清就能卸下住房负担,没想到即使拥有自己的房子,仍得持续支付高额管理与修繕费用。

除此之外,妻子3年前继承母亲留下的乡下木造平房,也成为另一笔固定开支。由于房屋位置偏远,一直找不到买家,为了维持房屋现状,每年光是修剪树木、日常维护及火灾保险,就得花费约25万日圆(约新台币5万元)。若未妥善管理,还可能影响空屋相关房产税减免资格。

另一方面,日本近年物价持续上涨,食品、水电等生活必需品价格攀升,让夫妻每月日常开销增加超过3万日圆(约新台币6000元)。在公寓管理费、老家维护费及生活支出接连增加下,两人每月支出比实际可运用的21万日圆养老金多出约5万日圆,只能不断动用过去的积蓄填补缺口。

佐藤看着银行存摺,坦言自己从未想过,工作一辈子、按时缴纳年金,退休后仍会陷入存款持续减少的困境。原本预留的1000万日圆养老积蓄,如今已经缩水近半。

「我从未奢望过奢华的生活,只以为每月有24万日圆,就能好好生活。」佐藤无奈表示,公寓维护费、继承房屋的负担,以及不断上涨的生活成本,都是当初退休规划时没有充分考虑到的开销。即使房贷已经还清,手握退休金、每月也有固定年金收入,仍难以抵挡退休后接踵而来的各种固定支出。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 佐藤博的存款将继续减少,可能需要进一步削减开支或寻求额外收入。

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 佐藤博目前的具体存款余额是多少?
  • 公寓管理费调涨后的具体月支出明细是什么?
  • 夫妻是否有其他未提及的收入来源或支出?

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