
美國空軍部發布資訊徵求書,評估建置地月空間系統,支援2029年底軍事任務需求
美國空軍部發布資訊徵求書,評估在地月空間部署最多5艘軍事太空載具,支援2029年底軍事任務需求。此舉標誌美軍太空防衛布局從地球軌道延伸至月球周邊,與美中登月競賽背景相關。
AI-generated summary
美國太空軍目前最遠的衛星位於距離地球約3萬6000公里的地球同步軌道,負責例行監視及飛彈預警。美軍開始將目光投向更遠的地月空間,與美中加速推進登月計畫的背景有關。
美國空軍繪製的地月空間領域意識任務示意圖,呈現衛星在月球周邊運行及監測的情境。美軍正評估部署最多5艘軍事太空載具,為未來擴大月球周邊衛星網預作準備。(圖:美國空軍)
〔編譯陳成良/綜合報導〕美軍的太空防衛布局正從地球軌道延伸至月球周邊。美國空軍部11月2日發布資訊徵求書(RFI),評估建置「地月空間系統」(Cislunar Space System),初期最多規劃5艘太空載具,支援2029年底的軍事任務需求。
美國軍事科技網站《Ars Technica》報導,這份文件是五角大廈朝月球周邊部署軍事衛星邁出的初步一步,軍方正向民間業者徵詢能否提出快速、低風險的解決方案。這批初期載具未來可能成為「種子載具」,供軍方評估是否進一步建構規模更大的地月衛星星系。空軍部計畫最多簽訂5份固定價格的初步設計研究合約,業者須在11月24日前回覆。
美軍將太空防衛範圍延伸至月球
美國太空軍目前最遠的衛星位於距離地球約3萬6000公里的地球同步軌道,負責例行監視及飛彈預警。如今美軍開始把目光投向更遠的地月空間,與美中加速推進登月計畫的背景有關。隨著雙方規劃在未來幾年執行載人登月任務,月球南極少數能接近水冰資源的安全著陸區,也受到美國官員關注。
太空軍負責先進計畫採購的少將珀迪(Stephen Purdy)10月在產業會議上表示,美國國防部長及參謀首長聯席會議主席都已公開將地月空間視為「作戰領域」(warfighting domain)。太空軍前任司令薩爾茲曼(Chance Saltzman)則說,軍方必須及早準備,以免未來需要保護美國在月球周邊的利益時措手不及。
這份徵求書沒有說明衛星將執行哪些具體任務。依照軍方目前提出的構想,地月空間衛星可能負責追蹤及辨識周邊物體、導航、通訊與監視,協助美軍掌握月球附近的太空活動。
在這次最多5艘載具的方案之外,美軍還有兩項單顆衛星任務正在規劃。由空軍研究實驗室主導、耗資7500萬美元的Oracle-M預定2027年中發射,將在地月空間移動,測試追蹤及持續掌握周邊物體的技術。
另一項Oracle-Prime任務預定2027年底前準備好發射,計畫在地球與月球之間的拉格朗日L1點附近,偵測及追蹤其他衛星與太空碎片。相較於這兩項單星任務,空軍部這次徵詢的方案,則開始評估以多艘載具建立更持續的月球周邊軍事監視能力。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
軍方將在11月24日前收到民間業者回覆,並簽訂最多5份固定價格初步設計研究合約
Likely · Within days
Oracle-M任務將於2027年中發射,Oracle-Prime任務將於2027年底前準備好發射
Likely · Within months

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