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Back「幽靈房東」多達50萬戶? 財政部每年查逃漏稅僅25萬件
「幽靈房東」多達50萬戶?  財政部每年查逃漏稅僅25萬件
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自由时报4 hours agoBusiness2 min readChinaView translation

「幽靈房東」多達50萬戶? 財政部每年查逃漏稅僅25萬件

Quick Look

根據財政部綜所稅資料推估,出租給家戶或個人之租賃收入申報件數介於32萬至33萬餘筆,但行政院主計總處報告顯示租屋戶數約為87.6萬戶,領取政府租金補貼者超過91萬戶,兩者相差55至60萬戶,而財政部每年查稅補件僅約25萬件,顯示幽靈房東逃漏稅問題嚴重。

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Why It Matters

財政部提供綜所稅資料顯示出租房屋申報件數約32萬至33萬件,但主計總處人口及住宅普查顯示租屋戶數約87.6萬戶,內政部租金補貼受益戶數超過91萬戶,三者間存在顯著數據落差。

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根據財政部綜所稅資料,推估出租給家戶或個人介於32萬至33萬餘筆間,而依行政院主計總處報告,租屋約有10.94%,即應約有87.6萬戶,而領取政府租金補貼者也有超過91萬戶,兩者相差55到60萬戶,而財政部每年查稅補件僅在25萬餘件。(中央社資料照)

〔記者鍾麗華/台北報導〕隱瞞房屋出租事實、逃漏租賃所得稅者被稱為「幽靈房東」,立法院預算中心報告指出,根據財政部綜所稅資料,推估出租給家戶或個人介於32萬至33萬餘筆間,另依行政院主計總處報告,租屋約有10.94%,即應約有87.6萬戶,而領取內政部租金補貼者也有超過91萬戶,報稅數據與主計總處統計、內政部的租金補貼,相差55萬到60萬,而財政部每年查稅補件僅在25萬餘件。

預算中心報告指出,賦稅署提供108至110年度綜所稅結算申報資料等,列報出租房屋或土地租賃收入者中,推估出租予家戶或個人介於32萬餘筆至33萬餘筆間;依主計總處109年度人口及住宅普查初步報告,家戶居住於租用住宅比率為10.94%,即應約有87.6萬戶,相較32萬餘筆資料,存有明顯差距,財政部認為,「許多個人並未列報出租非自住房屋之租賃收入」。

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根據財政部統計,近5年來國稅局查獲房東逃漏稅的件數約在25到26萬件, 113年度國稅局查核發現逃漏、需要補稅的件數為25萬1706件,補稅比率約26.33%,房東未申報或申報不實仍待改善。

至於各區國稅局查獲情形,台北國稅局查獲3.2萬件,查獲比率23.51%;高雄國稅局查獲3.9萬件、比率31.52%;北區國稅局查獲7.1萬件、比率21.03%;中區國稅局查獲7.3萬件、比率31%;南區查獲3.5萬件,查獲比率則為29.87%,顯見部分國稅局查到房東逃漏稅的比率甚至超過3成。

財政部為鼓勵房東出租給經濟、社會弱勢戶,提供「租稅優惠」,包含申報房屋稅可以適用自住住家用稅率1.2%、綜所稅可以享有每屋每月免稅額1萬5000元的優惠,地價稅適用自用住宅用地稅率千分之2。

不過, 預算中心說,114年度租金補貼戶數91萬餘戶,與公益出租人稅賦減徵戶數最高之房屋稅減徵戶27萬餘戶差距甚大,顯示出租予符合租金補貼申請者屋主多非屬公益出租人。

預算中心指出,公益出租人雖享有稅賦優惠優點,若出租人採用不報稅亦不享有優惠之方式,恐產生房東出租未登錄、逃漏稅、青年租客無法設籍等租賃市場不透明問題。

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What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 財政部將加強查核未申報租賃收入的房東

    Likely · Within months

  • 租金補貼政策將被檢討以提高精準度

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 為何這麼多房東未申報租賃收入?
  • 現行查稅機制為何只能覆蓋約25萬件?
  • 租稅優惠是否達到鼓勵公益出租的目標?
  • 如何提高租賃市場透明度?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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