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Back|研究揭示地球“第三极”生命演化新线索
研究揭示地球“第三极”生命演化新线索
Science
中国新闻网·10 hours ago·Science·5 min read·🇨🇳China·

研究揭示地球“第三极”生命演化新线索

研究成果10月27日发表于《美国国家科学院院刊》,发现横断山区是特有动物形成的重要“发动机”。

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中国科学院成都生物研究所科研人员系统分析青藏高原及周边区域特有陆生动物演化历史,揭示地球“第三极”动物多样性形成的新机制。相关成果10月27日发表于《美国国家科学院院刊》。

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Why It Matters

青藏高原面积约307万平方公里,是全球生物多样性热点地区之一。高原隆升、气候变化与生物演化间的联系备受关注。

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中新社成都10月27日电 (王利文)中国科学院成都生物研究所科研人员系统分析青藏高原及周边区域特有陆生动物演化历史,揭示了地球“第三极”动物多样性形成的新机制。相关成果10月27日发表于国际学术期刊《美国国家科学院院刊》(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)。

青藏高原面积约307万平方公里,是全球生物多样性热点地区之一。长期以来,高原隆升、气候变化与生物演化间的联系备受关注,但此前相关研究多集中于植物区系或单一动物类群,对高原陆生动物区系整体形成过程缺乏系统认识。

研究团队以青藏高原527种特有陆生动物为对象,涵盖无脊椎动物、两栖类、爬行类、鸟类和哺乳类等多个类群,结合超过2万种动物的系统发育信息,重建了特有动物形成与扩散的历史过程。

研究统计显示,青藏高原特有动物形成过程中共发生367次原位分化事件、103次迁入事件和56次迁出事件。其中,横断山区贡献201次原位物种形成事件,明显高于喜马拉雅地区和高原内部区域,是特有动物形成的重要“发动机”。

“过去人们更多关注青藏高原隆升如何推动生命演化,而新的研究显示,不同区域在生命形成过程中扮演着不同角色。”研究人员表示,横断山区复杂的地形、多样的气候环境为物种隔离、适应和分化提供了重要条件,高原台面则更多表现为物种的迁入和积累。

研究还发现,青藏高原动物多样性形成并非单纯由高原隆升推动。约3400万年前的始新世—渐新世气候转变,可能启动了持续性的动物多样化与交流过程,其影响早于部分晚期新近纪构造抬升事件。不同区域的隆升历史和季风环境差异,共同塑造了各区域不同的演化轨迹。

此外,研究揭示了植物与动物演化之间的重要联系,植物类群的建立可能为后续动物迁入和多样化提供生态基础,呈现出“植物先行、动物随后”的演化模式。

青藏高原是研究生命适应极端环境的重要天然实验室。此次研究揭示了高原动物多样性形成的时空过程,为理解地球环境变化如何影响生命演化提供了新的科学依据,也为青藏高原生物多样性保护提供了重要理论支撑。

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  • ?未来气候变化将如何进一步影响高原特有动物的演化轨迹?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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中国科学院成都生物研究所科研人员系统分析青藏高原及周边区域特有陆生动物演化历史,揭示地球“第三极”动物多样性形成的新机制。相关成果10月27日发表于《美国国家科学院院刊》。

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10 hours ago
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青藏高原
动物多样性
中国科学院成都生物研究所
青藏高原
中国科学院成都生物研究所
美国国家科学院院刊
横断山区
喜马拉雅地区
动物多样性
中国科学院成都生物研究所
横断山区
演化历史
pnas

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