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Back科研人员破解声子热霍尔效应悬案
科研人员破解声子热霍尔效应悬案
Science
中国新闻网7 hours agoScience2 min readChinaView translation

科研人员破解声子热霍尔效应悬案

首次从热力学角度确认声子热霍尔效应源于材料内禀机制,成果在《科学》发表

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华中科技大学李亮教授团队联合法国学者首次从热力学角度确认声子热霍尔效应源于材料内禀机制,为困扰学界21年的争议提供了关键实验判据,成果于10月23日发表于《科学》。

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Why It Matters

2005年科研人员首次观测到疑似声子热霍尔效应的实验信号,学界关于其是内禀行为还是外禀散射机制存在21年之争。

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中新网武汉10月23日电 (黄双子 史梦诗)华中科技大学国家脉冲强磁场科学中心李亮教授团队,联合法国巴黎高等物理化工学院学者,首次从热力学角度确认声子热霍尔效应源于材料内禀机制,而非杂质或缺陷导致的外在散射,为困扰学界21年的内禀—外禀之争提供了关键实验判据。

相关成果于北京时间10月23日在线发表于国际学术期刊《科学》(Science)。

通常所说的霍尔效应是指电流在磁场中发生偏转,从而产生横向电压,这一现象只发生在带电粒子身上。而“声子热霍尔效应”则是指:在绝缘体中,热量通过“声子”传递,当施加磁场时,热流也会发生横向偏转,产生温差。

按照常理,声子不带电,因此无法与磁场发生相互作用,不会产生热霍尔效应。但是2005年,科研人员首次观测到疑似声子热霍尔效应的实验信号,疑问随之而来:这究竟是声子本身固有的内禀行为,还是杂质、晶体缺陷等外禀散射机制在起作用?

为破解谜题,研究团队依托华中科技大学国家脉冲强磁场科学中心,对多块单晶样品开展精密测量。实验发现,五块“路况”基本一致的样品中,热流偏转程度最大相差近十倍,且偏转大小与声子平均自由程无关,却与材料的磁各向异性紧密关联——这说明偏转并非杂质“碰巧”导致,而是材料本身的内禀属性。

进一步分析揭示,材料中的磁振子与声子能带存在多处交叉,两者耦合后形成新的杂化模式,使原本不带电的声子获得对磁场的“感知能力”,从而发生偏转。

李亮表示,声子霍尔效应表明声子这类“中性粒子”同样拥有精彩的量子世界。该成果拓展了对霍尔效应家族的认知边界,促使物理学界重新审视声子与磁场相互作用的理论框架。

Open Questions

  • 该杂化模式在其他材料中的普适性如何?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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