
中油桶裝瓦斯自2021年起凍漲,至2025年11月短暫解凍調漲三個月後再度凍漲,六年累計每公斤僅漲3.15元,而中油每公斤已累計吸收成本23.75元,持續賣一桶虧一桶。凍漲政策使中油桶裝瓦斯市占率從五五開飆升至九成以上,台塑石化降至一成以下。行政院宣布桶裝瓦斯價格將維持至今年底不調整,中油面臨供應壓力與巨額虧損,經濟部補貼84億元其中中油獲75億元。
AI-generated summary
中油桶裝瓦斯自2021年起因應COVID-19疫情期間穩定物價而實施凍漲政策,至2025年11月才短暫解凍調漲三個月,隨後再度凍漲。行政院宣示桶裝瓦斯價格將維持至今年底不調整。
中油桶裝瓦斯長期凍漲,6年累計每公斤只漲3.15元。(資料照)
〔記者林菁樺/台北報導〕桶裝瓦斯是民眾生活必需品,尤其夜市攤商、小吃店、早餐店等仰賴瓦斯烹調做生意,瓦斯價格漲跌牽動家庭支出,更影響對餐飲業者的營運成本,而國內桶裝瓦斯供應來源為中油、台塑石化兩大業者,長期的凍漲政策牽動市場版圖,中油在桶裝瓦斯的市占率已經飆到9成以上,面對接下來冬天過年過節用氣旺季,中油更要提心吊膽。
回顧中油桶裝瓦斯凍漲歷程,配合COVID-19疫情期間穩定物價,從2021年開始宛如冰河期,直到2025年11月才「解凍」恢復調價,隨後連續三個月調漲;今年2月再度凍漲。隨著中東戰事衝擊國際能源市場,行政院也已宣示,桶裝瓦斯價格將維持至今年底不調整。換言之,至今年底長達6年時間,中油桶裝瓦斯僅有三個月調漲,且每公斤累計漲幅只有3.15元,連一顆雞蛋都買不起,換算成一桶20公斤裝,約漲63元,也不如一顆便當價格。
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民眾感受到瓦斯價格相對穩定,但中油承擔的成本壓力卻持續累積。根據最新統計,中油10月桶裝瓦斯每公斤已累計吸收23.75元,高於稅後家用氣批售牌價20.01元,持續「賣一桶、虧一桶」。若以20公斤裝桶裝瓦斯估算,售價約400元,若全數回補,回到原本應賣的價格,一桶要賣875元才合理不虧本。
凍漲政策穩住了民眾荷包,也悄悄改變國內桶裝瓦斯市場版圖。凍漲之前,中油桶裝瓦斯市占約55%,台塑石化則約45%,兩年前台塑石化因對工業丙烷漲價,引發台塑體系經銷商跳槽到中油,去年台塑也再度調價,至今中油與台塑之間桶裝瓦斯都維持每公斤1.8元價差,而國內桶裝瓦斯未能解凍之下,最新統計,中油的市占已經飆到9成以上,台塑石化降至1成以下。
對中油來說是有口難言,除要長期承擔穩價任務,供應量持續增加也是隱憂,中油每月最高供應量就是9萬噸,面對冬天到來,加上過年過節外食,業者都會多囤桶裝瓦斯,中油內部的確擔憂供應量能。經濟部日前已宣布補貼桶裝瓦斯業者84億元,其中,包括中油75億元,台塑約9億元,引發外界質疑補貼民間業者,但業者直言,若不請台塑幫忙,接下來冬天桶裝瓦斯供應怕會斷氣,對中油帶來史無前例壓力。
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AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
中油將在冬季及過年用氣旺季面臨供應壓力,可能需要進一步依賴台塑石化協調供應
Likely · Within weeks
行政院將在今年底後重新評估桶裝瓦斯價格調整機制
Possible · Within months

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