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Back实施更加公平普惠、精准有力的社会政策——国家发展改革委新闻发布会聚焦保障和改善民生
实施更加公平普惠、精准有力的社会政策——国家发展改革委新闻发布会聚焦保障和改善民生
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中国新闻网30 minutes agoPolitics8 min readChinaView translation

实施更加公平普惠、精准有力的社会政策——国家发展改革委新闻发布会聚焦保障和改善民生

实施更加公平普惠、精准有力的社会政策

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国家发展改革委10日举行新闻发布会,围绕学龄人口变化、养老托育服务、重要民生商品保供稳价以及革命老区振兴发展等民生领域社会关切进行了解读,提出将实施更加公平普惠、精准有力的社会政策。

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Why It Matters

国家发展改革委就保障和改善民生举行新闻发布会,回应学龄人口变化、养老托育、物价调控及革命老区发展等社会关切。

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新华社北京11月10日电 题:实施更加公平普惠、精准有力的社会政策——国家发展改革委新闻发布会聚焦保障和改善民生

新华社记者魏玉坤、戴锦镕

实现人民对美好生活的向往是中国式现代化的出发点和落脚点。围绕民生领域社会关切,国家发展改革委10日举行新闻发布会进行了解读。

前瞻应对学龄人口总量和结构变化

国家发展改革委社会发展司副司长黄玮茹说,目前幼儿园、小学、初中学龄人口已经达峰,高中和高等教育学龄人口还在持续增长,对资源配置提出了新的要求。对此,将会同教育部等有关部门,围绕“三个适应”积极开展工作,前瞻应对学龄人口总量和结构变化。

一是适应学龄人口总量下行趋势,优化学前和义务教育资源配置。对于部分富余的学前和义务教育资源,指导各地在城乡间、校际间统筹调配,打通县域内不同学段校舍资源共享渠道,有序推进小班化教学。

二是适应学龄人口结构变化,多渠道增加普通高中和高等教育学位供给。继续支持普通高中教学楼、宿舍、食堂、操场等设施建设,增加学位供给能力。稳步扩大优质本科教育招生规模,健全中央投资支持与优质本科扩容挂钩机制,引导“双一流”高校将新增资源优先用于扩大本科招生;支持有条件的地方新建若干所新型研究型大学,建设一批办学特色鲜明的高水平职业本科学校。

三是适应学龄人口区域分化,更好保障城乡各类群体平等接受教育的权利。扩大学龄人口净流入城镇的教育资源供给,推动基本教育公共服务随人走,提升随迁子女在公办学校就读比例,减轻随迁子女家庭的教育支出负担。

改善养老和托育机构条件

“千方百计解决‘养老愁、托育难’等急难愁盼问题,是我们当前和今后一个时期保障和改善民生工作的重中之重。”黄玮茹说,将加快完善覆盖城乡、布局合理、价格可接受、质量有保障的普惠养老和托育服务,进一步提升人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感。

一是改善养老和托育机构条件,扩大优质资源供给。重点推进老旧养老机构改造升级和设备更新,推动养老机构护理型床位占比达到73%。重点推进实现托育综合服务中心地市级全覆盖,发展托幼一体化服务,鼓励用人单位办托。

二是织密养老和托育服务网络,让贴心服务就在家门口。引导各地优先盘活利用社区内的闲置资源,建设以“一老一小”服务功能为重点的社区集成式综合服务设施,提供日间照料、短期托养等服务;积极拓展多样化的上门服务,比如助餐助洁助浴、儿童早期发展指导等。

三是完善制度机制,让普惠养老和托育更可持续。大力推进养老、托育服务机构运营管理模式创新,健全普惠服务标准,促进连锁化、品牌化运营。

谈及解决好群众就医过程中的操心事、烦心事,黄玮茹说,将加力实施医疗卫生强基工程,提升重点中心乡镇卫生院服务水平,在边远艰苦地区发展巡回医疗。继续加力推进医院病房改造,加强适老化和无障碍改造,以患者为中心,把设施条件短板补起来、把便利度和体验感提上来。

进一步完善重要民生商品价格调控机制

粮油、肉蛋、菜果蔬,连着千家万户的柴米油盐、三餐四季,是最贴身、最实在的民生。

国家发展改革委价格司副司长张璐琴表示,近年来,我们始终把重要民生商品保供稳价摆在突出重要位置,会同有关方面通过加强货源组织、畅通物流运输、稳定终端供应、开展平价销售等综合措施,保障市场量足价稳。面对复杂多变的外部环境,我国重要民生商品价格始终平稳运行,充分彰显了中国特色社会主义的制度优势。

“‘十五五’时期,我们将坚持分类施策、标本兼治,进一步完善重要民生商品价格调控机制,切实做好相关工作、兜牢民生底线。”张璐琴说,将提升监测分析质量,增强预警时效性。落实好稻谷、小麦最低收购价等支持政策,加强产销衔接和跨省区域协作,以供应稳保障价格稳、以价格稳促进供应稳。推动有关方面做好供需平衡分析和信息发布,合理引导生产和消费,逐步实现更高水平的供需动态平衡,促进重要民生商品价格合理运行。

加力支持革命老区加快振兴发展

国家发展改革委地区振兴司副司长冯垚说,“十四五”时期,革命老区县人均国内生产总值增幅和人均可支配收入增幅均高于全国平均水平。“十五五”时期,支持革命老区振兴发展的政策安排主要包括一个意见和若干专项支持政策。

据介绍,一个意见,就是2026年中办、国办印发的《关于加快革命老区振兴发展的意见》,对现代化建设新征程中革命老区振兴发展的目标、重点任务和政策保障等作出系统安排,提出一批有针对性的支持政策。若干专项支持政策,是指在重点领域的具体政策安排。

“下一步,我们将加力支持革命老区加快振兴发展,以培育壮大特色优势产业为关键抓手,以推进新型城镇化建设为重要突破口,加快补齐基础设施和公共服务短板,增强教育科技人才支撑,传承弘扬红色文化,优化完善政策支持体系,努力把革命老区建设得更好,让老区人民过上更好生活。”冯垚说。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 2026年印发《关于加快革命老区振兴发展的意见》

    Very likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 具体专项支持政策何时落地?
  • 各地如何具体落实普惠托育补贴?

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