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Back中小企业将迎来量质齐升的发展黄金期
中小企业将迎来量质齐升的发展黄金期
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中国新闻网1 hour agoBusiness10 min readChinaView translation

中小企业将迎来量质齐升的发展黄金期

工信部等十部门联合印发《促进中小企业发展“十五五”规划》

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工信部等十部门联合印发《促进中小企业发展“十五五”规划》,明确七大重点任务及专项工程,提出到2030年中小企业实现量质齐升,专精特新“小巨人”企业达到2.2万家。

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Why It Matters

工信部会同多部门印发《促进中小企业发展“十五五”规划》,设定到2030年的发展目标。

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近日,工信部会同国家发展改革委、科技部等十部门联合印发《促进中小企业发展“十五五”规划》,围绕稳企业稳就业、强化企业培育、加快数智化绿色化发展、推动协同融通发展、强化生产要素供给、健全服务体系、强化法律政策保障等方面明确了七大重点任务,同步设置七大专项工程(行动)。

根据规划,预计到2030年,我国中小企业整体发展量质齐升,规模以上中小企业人均营业收入累计增长15%左右;专精特新“小巨人”企业达到2.2万家,国家级中小企业特色产业集群达到600个。

这份指导“十五五”时期中小企业发展的顶层设计文件,给千万级市场主体提供了一张清晰的成长“导航图”:未来五年,我国中小企业将实现整体发展量质齐升,中小企业营业收入、资产总额保持稳定增长;劳动报酬和劳动生产率稳步提高;创新发展能力显著增强。

发展新质生产力的“生力军”

中小企业联系千家万户,是推动创新、促进就业、改善民生的重要力量,其活力直接决定了经济肌体的健康程度。

“十四五”时期,我国中小企业发展综合实力显著提高,规模以上中小企业营业收入、资产总额年均分别增长5.7%、6.6%;创新能力快速提升,专精特新“金字招牌”持续擦亮,专精特新“小巨人”企业平均研发投入强度达7%,平均研发投入超3000万元。

更值得欣喜的是,“十四五” 时期我国超额完成十万家专精特新中小企业培育目标,孵化出一批深耕人工智能、人形机器人、半导体芯片等赛道的前沿技术创新企业。不难看出,走专精特新发展道路,已成为中小企业突破发展瓶颈的重要路径。

面向“十五五”,此次规划展现出一种更为长远的战略考量:向新向优、量质齐升。一系列量化目标背后,是国家对中小企业创新主体地位的重新确认,不再仅仅将中小企业视为就业的“蓄水池”,而是将其定位为发展新质生产力的“生力军”。

中国经济的转型升级,不能仅靠少数行业巨头的单兵突进,更需要海量中小企业的群体向上。规划鼓励中小企业围绕新能源、新材料、机器人等新兴产业,以及量子科技、脑机接口、具身智能等未来产业探索商业模式,正是为了激发中小企业、微观主体的创新活力,让中小企业在产业链的关键环节上形成“蚂蚁雄兵”之势。

破解中小企业的“成长烦恼”

中小企业的发展困境,往往不是单一的资金或市场问题,而是人才、技术、融资、权益保护等多重因素交织的难题。此次规划的亮点,在于其提供了一套更具针对性、全面性的解决方案。

在融资层面,规划提出引导银行业金融机构加大信贷支持,发展知识产权质押融资、应收账款融资等模式。此举旨在打通金融活水流向实体经济的“最后一公里”,缓解银企信息不对称的顽疾。

在人才层面,规划鼓励高校、科研院所科研人员创办科技型企业,支持中小企业与职业院校合作培养人才,试图破解中小企业“招人难、留人难”的结构性矛盾。

尤为值得关注的是,规划将“防范化解拖欠中小企业账款”提升至长效机制的高度。拖欠账款是压在中小企业身上的一座大山,严重侵蚀企业的现金流和生存能力。去年6月1日起,《保障中小企业款项支付条例》正式施行。此次规划提出,要加大对机关、企事业单位和大型企业拖欠中小企业账款的清理力度,加强源头治理。

规划还提出推动“企业找政策”向“政策找企业”转变,通过建设全国中小企业服务“一张网”,建立多维度政策标签,精准匹配企业需求。服务理念的转变,意味着政府职能从管理者向服务者的深度转型,旨在降低企业的制度性交易成本,让好政策真正转化为企业的获得感。

主动融入产业链、供应链

在逆全球化暗流涌动、产业链供应链面临重构的背景下,中小企业的生存之道,在于走专精特新之路,更在于走产业协同之路。规划提出的“推动大中小企业融通发展”,为中小企业指明了发展方向。

规划支持大企业向中小企业开放创新资源、应用场景和供应链体系,鼓励中小企业围绕大企业产业链关键环节提供配套服务。“大手拉小手”的模式,能够帮助中小企业快速接入高端产业链,提升专业化配套能力,从而在激烈的市场竞争中找到自己的生态位。

规划提出培育中小企业特色产业集群,到2030年国家级中小企业特色产业集群达到600个。产业集群的培育,能够产生强大的集聚效应和协同效应,降低企业的物流、信息、交易成本,形成区域性的竞争优势。

当前,新一轮科技革命和产业变革加速突破,大国博弈更加复杂激烈,中小企业发展战略机遇和风险挑战并存,要进一步加大政策支持力度,强化改革创新举措,充分挖掘发展潜能,增强企业内生动力,巩固壮大实体经济根基。

面向“十五五”,中小企业发展前景广阔、大有可为,广大中小企业大显身手正当其时。通过政策保驾、制度护航、生态赋能,中小企业必将迎来一个量质齐升的发展黄金期。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 到2030年专精特新“小巨人”企业达到2.2万家

    Likely · Within months

  • 国家级中小企业特色产业集群达到600个

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 具体专项资金的下拨细节如何落地?
  • 地方政府如何确保清理拖欠账款长效机制的执行?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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