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Back德国议会“中国委员会”建议欧盟须准备更强硬的对华贸易政策工具
德国议会“中国委员会”建议欧盟须准备更强硬的对华贸易政策工具
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德国之声1 hour agoWorld3 min readChinaView translation

德国议会“中国委员会”建议欧盟须准备更强硬的对华贸易政策工具

报告指出德国对华经济依赖加深,建议将欧洲单一市场准入作为应对中国贸易压力的筹码

Quick Look

受德国联邦议院委托的专家委员会发布报告,建议欧盟在贸易争端中具备报复能力,并将欧洲单一市场准入作为制衡中国的筹码。报告认为德中经济依赖加深,原有的“合作伙伴、竞争对手和制度性对手”战略已失效。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

德国联邦议院于2025年11月设立专家委员会,旨在审查德中经济安全关系。该委员会由来自13个机构的专业人士组成。

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(德国之声中文网)受德国联邦议院委托的专家建议,应在欧洲层面准备更强硬的对华贸易政策工具。负责审查德中之间经济安全关系的委员会在其首份半年度报告中指出:“若中国在贸易争端中采取升级措施,欧盟应具备实施报复的能力。”

报告同时指出:“鉴于中国以出口为导向的经济模式,将进入欧洲单一市场的准入条件作为筹码是一项关键手段。”《世界报周日版》报道了这份专家报告。

该委员会由来自13个机构的专业人士组成,包括学者、基金会代表、企业游说人士和工会人士。联邦议院于2025年11月决定设立这一机构。

专家们认为,自该委员会成立以来,德国在对华经济安全方面的情况总体上有所恶化。报告指出:“德国供应链对中国的依赖程度加深,中国对德国关键基础设施的潜在影响力依然巨大,且双方在技术领域的联系,包括在敏感领域依然紧密。”委员会警告称,若不采取有效应对措施,不作为带来的代价将会上升。

根据该文件,专家们认为将中国定位为“合作伙伴、竞争对手和制度性对手”的战略已经失败:“从德国和欧洲的角度来看,竞争态势与日益增长的风险在很大程度上掩盖了双边关系的其他方面。”北京利用经济依赖关系作为施压手段的意愿和能力正在增强。“中国正蓄意构建筹码,并已多次表明其动用这些筹码的意愿。”

因此,建立一个欧盟内部的共同行动框架被视为必要之举。针对中国的应对策略应在各成员国国内及欧盟层面进行协调。专家们写道:“没有任何一个欧盟成员国能够独自应对中国各方主体带来的挑战。”

德国工业联合会主席:坚决捍卫利益

德国工业联合会(BDI)也是委员会成员之一。该联合会主席彼得·莱宾格(Peter Leibinger)在为《世界报周日版》撰写的客座文章中写道:“欧盟必须继续与中国对话,但也要坚决捍卫自身的经济利益。”他要求,针对倾销和不公平补贴的工具必须更快、更统一地发挥作用。

上周五,欧盟在与中国的贸易争端中达成一致,中方将压减混合动力汽车对欧洲的出口。委员会成员、科隆德国经济研究所的于尔根·马特斯(Jürgen Matthes)对此提出批评。他对《明镜周刊》表示:“对威胁欧洲生产的中国进口产品征收反补贴税,才是应对中国严重扭曲竞争行为更好、更有针对性的手段。”他认为,这类关税可以消除中国制造商的人为价格优势。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 欧盟将进一步协调各成员国对华贸易应对策略

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 欧盟是否会正式采纳该报告的建议?
  • 中国将如何回应欧盟可能实施的报复性贸易工具?

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This article was originally published by 德国之声.

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