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Back祁凱立評柯文哲案:非政治追殺,但司法獨立難獲信賴
祁凱立評柯文哲案:非政治追殺,但司法獨立難獲信賴
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自由时报58 minutes agoPolitics4 min readChina

祁凱立評柯文哲案:非政治追殺,但司法獨立難獲信賴

施明德基金會舉辦研討會,學者祁凱立指台灣憲政框架面臨分立政府考驗,制度設計現弱點。

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史丹佛大學學者祁凱立9日指出,前台北市長柯文哲涉案雖不屬於政治追殺,但在代理檢察總長任命爭議下,執政黨要說服外界相信檢察體系完全獨立將更困難。他並表示台灣憲政框架正遭遇分立政府的嚴峻考驗。

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Why It Matters

前台北市長柯文哲涉京華城收賄案、公益侵占政治獻金等案,一審被判刑17年,二審於高等法院開庭審理中。

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前台北市長柯文哲涉京華城收賄案、公益侵占政治獻金等案,一審被判刑17年,二審昨天於高等法院開庭。史丹佛大學胡佛研究所「台灣與印太區域」研究計畫執行長祁凱立今(9日)表示,他個人不認為此案是政治追殺,但在目前檢察總長的代理人事任命下,執政黨要說服外界相信司法、尤其檢察體系完全獨立,恐怕更加困難。

施明德基金會今天舉辦「公民社會、民主韌性與國家安全:紅衫軍反貪腐運動二十週年」國際學術研討會。祁凱立(Kharis Templeman)表示,台灣近年出現街頭抗議、立法院衝突、大罷免行動及總統彈劾案等政治對立,行政院長不副署立法院通過的法案,憲法法庭因大法官人數不足法定門檻難以作成判決,NCC委員也全數出缺,顯示民主運作正遭遇嚴峻摩擦。

祁凱立認為,當前困局主要屬於「制度問題(largely institutional)」,不能單純化約為藍綠極化、中國介入或政治參與者不接受自由民主原則。民進黨掌握行政權、在野聯盟掌控立法院,雙方各自擁有民意授權;雖然憲政體制設有立法院對行政院長的不信任案機制,但因通過後總統有權解散國會重新改選,立委缺乏啟動誘因,導致行政與立法的僵局無法藉此解套,衝突持續累積。

回顧前總統陳水扁執政時期的分立政府,祁凱立評估,2000年至2008年間台灣進行多項制度改革,包括國民大會廢除、立委選制變革,以及NCC、憲法法庭相關任期與任命制度的調整;2008年至2024年則是長達16年的全面執政,直到如今重回分立政府,「台灣的憲政框架現在是第一次受到測試,而我認為目前並未通過考驗。」

祁凱立分析,在行政、立法由不同政治陣營控制時,雙方都會運用自身制度優勢,憲政衝突因此不是異常現象,關鍵在於是否存在能獨立裁決爭議、又不容易遭到黨派報復的機構。台灣相關任命設計存在明顯弱點,例如大法官任期8年且不得連任,兩任總統可提名全部大法官,易引發對政治傾向的疑慮;NCC人事提名遭立院否決後的預設機制,竟是機關陷入無人運作。

祁凱立也以檢察體系為例指出,台灣的檢察機關由法務部統轄,檢察總長則由總統提名、立法院同意。總統賴清德最近提出的檢察總長人選未獲立法院同意,之後該人選仍以代理身分任職,相關人事安排容易成為爭議焦點。

祁凱立進一步提到,檢方指控賴清德前次總統大選的對手柯文哲貪腐,可能影響其2028年參選資格;在這樣的背景下,在野陣營據此主張案件涉及「政治迫害」,甚至指控司法遭執政者用來對付政治對手。他個人不認為這是政治追殺,但執政黨要說服外界相信司法、尤其檢察體系完全獨立,會變得更加困難。

同場與會的史丹佛大學高橋日本研究講座教授、社會學教授筒井清輝則從選舉頻率進行跨國比較,日本過去26年舉行19次全國性選舉,扮演社會民怨「洩壓閥」的角色;但從全球長期資料來看,全國性選舉越頻繁,與選民投票率下降的關聯越明確,而台灣的數據正好落在那條迴歸線上。

Open Questions

  • 執政黨未來將如何化解立法院與行政院的僵局?
  • 檢察總長代理人事爭議後續如何解決?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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