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Back高カロリー食で認知機能低下、仕組み解明 東京科学大
高カロリー食で認知機能低下、仕組み解明 東京科学大
Health
時事通信4 hours agoHealth1 min readJapanView translation

高カロリー食で認知機能低下、仕組み解明 東京科学大

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高カロリー食の継続による認知機能低下は、脳の神経細胞の「シナプス」の異常が原因であることを東京科学大などのチームがマウス実験で解明した。PQBP1たんぱく質の減少が関与しており、治療薬などで改善がみられたという。

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Why It Matters

高カロリー状態が続くと脳の働きが低下することは知られていたが、分子レベルの仕組みは分かっていなかった。

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高カロリー食を取り続けると認知機能が低下するのは、脳の神経細胞同士のつなぎ目「シナプス」に生じた異常が原因となっていることを、東京科学大などの研究チームがマウスを使った実験で明らかにした。高カロリー状態が続くと脳の働きが低下することは知られていたが、分子レベルの詳しい仕組みは分かっていなかった。論文は9月、国際科学誌に掲載された。

東京科学大の岡沢均特任教授らの研究チームは、マウスに高カロリー食を1週間または6週間与えて、通常食グループの神経細胞と分子レベルで比較。その結果、「PQBP1」というたんぱく質が減少していることが分かった。

PQBP1は、神経細胞の情報伝達に必要なたんぱく質を正しく作る調整役を担っている。詳しく調べたところ、高カロリー食のマウスではインスリンの働きで、PQBP1を作る仕組みにブレーキがかかり、シナプスの構成分子に異常が発生して、神経回路の働きが低下していた。

研究チームが、糖尿病治療薬を投与したり、PQBP1を補う治療を行ったりしたところ、シナプスの異常や認知機能が改善したという。

岡沢教授によると、今後研究を進めることで、肥満や糖尿病患者のアルツハイマー病の予防につながる可能性があるという。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 肥満や糖尿病患者のアルツハイマー病の予防につながる可能性がある

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • ヒトにおける同様の効果や安全性はどうか

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This article was originally published by 時事通信.

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