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Back《反對普丁的無名先生》:俄羅斯小學教師秘密拍攝戰爭宣傳進入校園
《反對普丁的無名先生》:俄羅斯小學教師秘密拍攝戰爭宣傳進入校園
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自由时报53 minutes agoWorld3 min readChinaView translation

《反對普丁的無名先生》:俄羅斯小學教師秘密拍攝戰爭宣傳進入校園

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俄羅斯小學教師兼校園攝影師帕維爾塔蘭金在俄羅斯全面入侵烏克蘭後,秘密拍攝愛國課程、軍事訓練與戰爭口號如何取代教育,其影像最終成為紀錄片《反對普丁的無名先生》,該片獲奧斯卡最佳紀錄長片,導演大衛博倫斯坦將於9月17日來台出席首映,電影10月2日在台上映。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

俄羅斯於2022年全面入侵烏克蘭後,俄羅斯內部開始將戰爭宣傳納入教育系統,愛國課程與軍事訓練逐步取代傳統教學內容。

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〔記者許世穎/綜合報導〕2026年奧斯卡最佳紀錄長片《反對普丁的無名先生》,以罕見第一手影像揭開俄羅斯戰爭宣傳如何滲入校園。小學老師兼校園攝影師帕維爾塔蘭金原本只是記錄學校生活,卻眼見愛國課程、軍事訓練與戰爭口號逐步取代教育,於是秘密拍下學生、教師與小鎮在戰爭下的變化。

俄羅斯小學教師兼校園攝影師帕維爾塔蘭金冒死在校園拍攝,最終成為《反對普丁的無名先生》的揭密內容。(佳映提供)

《反對普丁的無名先生》源自一則意外的網路徵件。俄羅斯全面入侵烏克蘭後,一家俄羅斯內容公司在網路募集「所謂的『特殊軍事行動』如何改變你的工作?」當時已看見戰爭宣傳進入校園的帕維爾.塔蘭金對此相當憤怒,回覆訊息坦言自己每天上班都被迫成為宣傳體制的一部分,也因此感到罪惡與焦慮。

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這段文字後來輾轉傳到美國紀錄片導演大衛博倫斯坦手中。兩人約於2022年3月開始透過電子郵件聯繫,從原本的陌生人,逐漸發展成一場持續兩年多的跨國秘密拍攝。由於帕維爾幾乎不會英語,大衛也不懂俄語,兩人初期只能靠翻譯工具溝通,之後才有口譯人員加入。

《反對普丁的無名先生》留下的不只是校園生活紀錄,也成為一名普通教師在高壓環境下,冒險保存真相的見證。(佳映提供)

起初,大衛將帕維爾視為主要拍攝對象,甚至安排攝影工作者前往當地小學拍攝。不過收到素材後,他發現帕維爾自己拿攝影機拍下的第一人稱影像更具衝擊力,因此鼓勵他持續記錄。隨著戰爭延續,俄羅斯針對叛國、外國代理人及反戰言論的法律與執法日益嚴格,帕維爾若遭發現拍攝校園內的相關影像,並將素材傳給外國人,可能面臨終身監禁。

因此,長達兩年半的拍攝過程中,團隊必須不斷升級安全措施,建立更嚴格的通訊及素材傳輸機制,包括透過加密FTP伺服器傳送影像,並使用加密通訊保持聯繫。電影最終留下的不只是校園生活紀錄,也成為一名普通教師在高壓環境下冒險保存真相的見證。

《反對普丁的無名先生》導演大衛博倫斯坦(左)將來台出席首映。(佳映提供)

大衛博倫斯坦在獲得奧斯卡最佳紀錄片時表示,團隊在整理素材時看見「人們是如何在無數細微的共謀行為中逐漸失去自己的國家」,但也發現「即使是無名小卒也比想像中更有力量」。帕維爾則在得獎感言中呼籲:「在某些國家,劃過天際的不是流星,而是炸彈和無人機。為了我們的未來,為了我們所有的孩子,請立即停止所有戰爭。」

片中被稱為「P」的帕維爾,原本是俄羅斯小學裡深受學生喜愛的老師,辦公室曾是孩子們安心做自己的地方。俄羅斯全面入侵烏克蘭後,校園卻逐漸被戰爭宣傳接管,愛國課程、軍事訓練與戰爭口號取代原有教育。帕維爾拿起攝影機,記錄孩子如何被灌輸戰爭思想、畢業生如何被送上前線,以及整座小鎮如何在恐懼與沉默中改變。

《反對普丁的無名先生》由大衛博倫斯坦及帕維爾塔蘭金共同執導,2025年於日舞影展世界首映,獲世界電影紀錄片單元評審團特別獎,隔年再抱回奧斯卡最佳紀錄長片。電影將於10月2日在台上映,導演大衛博倫斯坦將於9月17日親自來台出席首映活動。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 紀錄片將在國際人權影展中獲得更多關注與獎項

    Likely · Within months

  • 俄羅斯政府可能加強對類似紀錄片素材的監控與封鎖

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 帕維爾塔蘭金目前是否仍在俄羅斯任教?
  • 紀錄片在俄羅斯是否能公開播放?
  • 俄羅斯政府對此類紀錄片的官方回應是什麼?

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