
研究团队通过丽江2.4米望远镜观测并确认近地小行星2024 XA1自转周期仅1.63秒
中国科学院云南天文台团队确认近地小行星2024 XA1自转周期仅1.63秒,为目前已知自转最快的近地小行星。该研究利用丽江2.4米望远镜及自主开发的拖迹图像分析方法,为行星防御任务提供了重要科学支撑。
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近地小行星指近日点距离小于1.3天文单位的小行星。直径大于140米且与地球轨道交会距离小于0.05天文单位的小行星被定义为潜在危险小行星。
中新网昆明10月27日电 (杜潇潇 张西亮)记者27日从中国科学院云南天文台获悉,近期,其团队联合国内外合作者,在超快自转近地小行星观测研究方面取得突破性进展,确认已知自转最快的近地小行星。相关研究结果已发表在国际天文期刊《天文学杂志》。
2024年12月4日凌晨,近地小行星2024 XA1从西伯利亚东部上空坠入地球大气层,从被发现到坠落全程仅约10小时。为高效获取2024 XA1的亮度信息,云南天文台团队利用丽江2.4米望远镜采用“守株待兔”观测方式,在2024 XA1进入大气层前最后1小时的宝贵窗口期成功监测到其坠落前图像。
近地小行星指近日点距离小于1.3 AU(天文单位)的小行星,其中直径大于140米(绝对星等H<22)、与地球最小轨道交会距离小于0.05AU的近地小行星被定义为潜在危险小行星。近地小行星撞击造成的破坏力越来越引起人们关注与重视,因此,对近地小行星的监测预警和防御关乎全人类共同安全。
研究结果表明,近地小行星2024 XA1的自转周期仅1.63秒,为目前已知自转速度最快的近地小行星。该研究工作不仅确认了已知自转最快的近地小行星,还自主开发了一套可靠的拖迹图像分析方法,可以高效地从拖迹图像中解析近地小行星的自转周期、形状和结构等特性信息,为研究米级、快速自转和快速移动近地小行星的内部物质结构提供机会,同时提升对短临预警小行星物理特性的获取能力。
研究团队立足基础研究,聚焦国际前沿和国家需求,利用云南天文台丽江2.4米望远镜和自主开发研究方法完成对近地小行星2024 XA1的研究工作,标志着云南天文台具备了对此类近地小行星监测研究的能力,可为部署和开展行星防御任务提供科学支撑,为保护地球和人类安全贡献中国力量。
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