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Back韓国の検察庁廃止、被害者にしわ寄せ 金叡苑弁護士インタビュー
韓国の検察庁廃止、被害者にしわ寄せ 金叡苑弁護士インタビュー
Politics
時事通信1 hour agoPolitics3 min readJapanView translation

韓国の検察庁廃止、被害者にしわ寄せ 金叡苑弁護士インタビュー

障害人権法センターの金叡苑代表弁護士が検察の補充捜査権廃止による弊害を指摘

Quick Look

韓国の障害人権法センター金叡苑代表弁護士が時事通信のインタビューに応じ、検察の補充捜査権廃止が被害者に及ぼす悪影響を懸念。捜査の不備が放置されるリスクや、機関間の責任の所在が不明確になる現状を批判した。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

韓国では検察の捜査権と起訴権を分離する司法改革が進められており、検察庁の廃止や捜査権限の縮小が議論されている。

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【ソウル時事】韓国で障害者や女性の法律支援に当たる「障害人権法センター」の金叡苑代表弁護士が時事通信の書面インタビューに応じ、検察の補充捜査権廃止について「しわ寄せを受けるのは事件の被害者だ」と強調した。主なやりとりは次の通り。

―検察庁廃止で懸念されることは。

不十分な捜査がただされずに事件が終結する可能性が高まる。障害者や子供、性暴力などの事件では、被害者は自分が何をされたのかを最初から明確に話すことは難しく、周辺人物の捜査などを通じ犯罪が明らかになる場合も多い。(主に警察の)捜査判断は間違い得る。このため他の機関が一度は捜査を見直す必要がある。しわ寄せを受けるのは、誤った捜査に泣き寝入りを余儀なくされる被害者だ。

―社会的弱者にとって困難な点は。

新制度では、警察の不送致に対する異議申し立ては3カ月以内と制限されており、被害者が問題点を整理するには時間が不十分だ。異議申し立てを受けて検事が追加捜査が必要と判断すれば、警察や重大犯罪捜査庁(重捜庁)に補充捜査を求める。事件が警察、公訴庁、重捜庁の間をたらい回しされれば、どの機関が責任を持って処理するのかが分かりにくい。

―日本との違いは。

韓国ではこの数年「捜査と起訴の分離」が刑事司法の普遍的な原則かのように語られてきた。日本では、検察官による捜査関与と起訴は両立している。一方、韓国は歴史的に日本の刑事司法制度の影響を受けており、国家が捜査と訴追に責任を持つ。韓国はこの骨格を維持しつつ、検察の補充捜査権廃止など捜査構造を激変させた。今後、事件の当事者は警察などの捜査の適正について自分でチェックしなければならない。

―性暴力やDV(家庭内暴力)、児童虐待などの7犯罪は重捜庁が補充捜査する。

本来担当する重大犯罪だけでも相当な業務が予想され、実際に機能するのか疑問だ。七つに限定した理由も納得し難い。実際の事件では最初から正確な罪名を判断できない場合もある。

―どのような改善が必要か。

(1)(警察による)全件送致の復活(2)検察官の捜査指揮権の復活(3)起訴の可否を判断する検察官の直接補完捜査―の三つは必要だ。警察、公訴庁、重捜庁の連携を明確にし、事件を押し付け合わないようにするなど責任の所在を規定すべきだ。

Open Questions

  • 新制度下での捜査の質は維持されるのか
  • 機関間の責任の所在は明確化されるのか

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This article was originally published by 時事通信.

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