Back习近平抵达新德里出席金砖峰会,中印双边关系面临考验
习近平抵达新德里出席金砖峰会,中印双边关系面临考验
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德国之声20 minutes agoPolitics4 min readChinaView translation

习近平抵达新德里出席金砖峰会,中印双边关系面临考验

中国国家主席习近平自2019年以来首次访问印度,与印度、俄罗斯和伊朗领导人共同出席金砖国家峰会。战争、贸易与领土争端成为本次会议的焦点。

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中国国家主席习近平抵达新德里出席金砖国家峰会,这是其自2019年以来首次访问印度。会议聚焦中东与乌克兰冲突、全球贸易及能源安全,而中印边境争端与深层不信任仍是双边关系的主要考验。

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Why It Matters

两国2020年在争议的西藏边界发生致命军事冲突,此后双边关系逐步改善但根本性领土争端仍未解决。

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中国国家主席习近平周六(9月12日)抵达新德里,与印度、俄罗斯和伊朗领导人一同出席金砖国家峰会。战争、贸易与能源正在考验这个分歧重重的集团。

中东和乌克兰的冲突,加上全球贸易动荡与能源安全,将主导这个11国集团为期两天的会议。

习近平此行也因是他自2019年以来首次访问印度而备受关注。这是两个核武对手之间谨慎回暖进程中迄今最大的一步。

习近平受到红毯礼遇,仪仗队士兵和身着彩衣的传统舞者到场迎接。

他的到访,距两国2020年在争议的西藏边界发生的那场致命军事冲突已过去六年。此后随着航班、签证和高层往来的恢复,双边关系逐步改善。

北京方面周五表示,中方愿同印方加强沟通、深化合作、妥善处理分歧。

但根本性的领土争端仍未解决,双方在沿西藏一线约3500公里的高海拔边界上仍保持着重兵部署。

中国与印度的收获与冲突

据新德里外交部消息,习近平定于周六晚些时候与总理莫迪举行面对面会谈。

墨尔本大学中印问题专家普拉迪普·塔内贾(Pradeep Taneja)说,双方在边界问题上寻求的是“早期的实质性收获”。他说,你不能一边在边境增兵,一边又说应当继续保持人文和经济关系。

深层的不信任依然存在:争议的喜马拉雅边界、不断扩大的贸易逆差以及战略竞争,仍在使两国关系复杂化。

周五,数十名藏人在新德里举行抗议。藏人流亡精神领袖达赖喇嘛自1959年以来生活在印度。

金砖集团的扩大与制约

金砖峰会创设于2009年,是主要新兴经济体谋求在西方主导的国际局势中扩大影响力的论坛。

莫迪对与会领导人表示,金砖国家占世界人口的50%、全球国内生产总值的40%,以及全球贸易的四分之一以上。

除伊朗外,金砖成员还包括沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯联合酋长国——这些国家对美国和以色列今年2月发动的对伊朗战争立场迥异。

今年5月金砖国家外长在新德里会晤时,未能就相关联合声明达成一致。

印度观察家研究基金会专家哈什·潘特(Harsh V. Pant)说,海湾冲突将是本次金砖峰会的核心断层线。他说,直到去年还被视为一项成就的金砖扩员,今天看起来成了金砖的一大制约。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 习近平与莫迪将举行面对面会谈

    Very likely · Within days

Open Questions

  • 习近平与莫迪会谈是否能取得实质性边界成果?
  • 金砖国家能否就中东冲突等分歧达成共识?

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This article was originally published by 德国之声.

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