
橋水基金創辦人達里歐警告,美國債券拋售潮遠未結束,因政府和企業借貸激增,與全球主要債券買家需求疲軟形成對比。他指出美國債務負擔已達二戰以來最高,並預計未來幾年將惡化,做空美債比做多更容易。
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達里歐長期警告美國債務危機,建議投資人拋售債券買入黃金。美債殖利率近期飆升至近25年最高,引發市場看多分歧。
橋水基金創辦人達里歐(Ray Dalio)。(路透資料照)
〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕全球最大避險基金橋水基金(Bridgewater Associates)創辦人達里歐(Ray Dalio)警告美國債券拋售潮遠未結束,因為政府和企業借貸激增,與全球一些最大傳統買家的需求疲軟形成鮮明對比。
《彭博》報導,達里歐在LinkedIn發文稱,美國正在進入一個階段,債券供應量增加推高殖利率,提高借貸成本,並進一步推高債務水準。他表示,只有當高利率削弱經濟和金融市場,使供需恢復平衡時,這種螺旋式上升的局面才有可能結束。
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達里歐寫道,「債券熊市可能還有很長的路要走」。
達里歐長期以來一直警告,美國債務危機迫在眉睫,並建議投資人拋售債券、買入黃金。他的悲觀立場與一些投資人和策略師的觀點截然相反,其中包括貝萊德集團和摩根士丹利投資管理公司的投資人,他們在10年期美債殖利率於本(10)月飆升至近25年以來最高的近5.4%之後,轉為看好市場。
這場辯論正值債券市場遭受重創之際,彭博追蹤美債的指數下跌約2.4%,原因是能源價格上漲和經濟韌性促使聯準會提高利率,政府和企業的大量借貸也加劇了壓力。美國公債預計將迎來2022年以來首次全年下降,當時因為聯準會大幅升息以抑制通膨,美國公債暴跌12.5%。
達里歐預估,總借款額和債券償付成本相對於政府收入衡量的美國債務負擔已達到二戰以來最高,並且未來幾年還將進一步惡化。
達里歐稱,政府今年預計將展延約10兆美元(約新台幣322.45兆元)的到期債務,同時新增2.1兆美元(約新台幣67.71兆元)的借款。達里歐警告,由於到期資金眾多,即使投資人再投資的意願僅略微下降,也可能造成龐大的資金缺口。
令人擔憂的是,包括中國和日本在內的一些最大的外國債權國購債意願可能會減弱。達里歐提到,日本政策制定者有動機鼓勵國內投資人減少其持有的1.1兆美元(約新台幣35.46兆元)公債,並將資金匯回國內,以支撐日圓和日本國內債券市場。
美國財政部也面臨來自企業日益激烈的資金競爭,這些企業正在出售更多的債務和股權來為AI提供資金。達里歐指出,有跡象表明投資人開始要求更大的讓步來吸收供應。達里歐寫道,綜合所有這些因素,新債務供應和需求的預期變化,長期下來使做空美國公債比做多美債更容易,而且這種情況至今仍然存在。
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AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
美國債務負擔將在未來幾年進一步惡化
Likely · Within months
做空美國公債將比做多更容易,且此情況將持續
Likely · Within months

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