
中外学者在海口举办的第三届南海前沿论坛上批驳南海仲裁案非法裁决十周年,指出裁决存在事实错误和双重标准,呼吁通过海洋环境治理、联合开发等低敏感领域合作建立信任,推动争端管控机制。
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2016年7月12日,南海仲裁案在荷兰海牙非法出台所谓裁决,中国一直坚决反对和不承认该裁决。
中新社海口9月5日电 (记者 王子谦)今年是“南海仲裁案”非法“裁决”出炉十周年。中外学者5日在海口批驳“南海仲裁案”非法裁决,呼吁加强海洋治理合作,推动建立争端管控机制。
当天,由海南省国际文化交流中心、大连海事大学国家海洋治理与发展研究院、中国海洋大学海洋发展研究院主办的第三届南海前沿论坛在海口举行,来自多个国家和地区的数十名专家学者与会。
上海交通大学凯原法学院副教授郑志华指出,“南海仲裁案裁决”通过界定海洋地物的法律地位,将本质上不属于《联合国海洋法公约》调整事项范畴的领土主权问题纳入裁决范围,在管辖权和实体层面存在严重错误,“非法裁决缩减了中国与声索国之间的对话空间,也使各国对通过国际法解决争端的信心受挫”。
“‘裁决’将南沙最大岛屿太平岛判定为岩礁而非岛屿,但许多国家所拥有的岛屿远小于太平岛却未被作同等定性,明显是双重标准。”澳大利亚沃隆港大学法学院教授王大海(Warwick Gullett)表示,如果仅要求南海声索国遵守裁决,而其他国家无需调整岛屿地位,则导致法律不公与规则适用混乱。他据此认为,鉴于“裁决”在事实认定上存在重大谬误,其在国际社会实践中的实际影响力或将逐步消退。
与会专家呼吁,南海争端复杂且持续时间长,各方需探索更务实的合作以缓和局势。“解决国际争端,合作应优先于裁决。”亚洲国际法发展基金会主席拉杰什·巴布·拉温德兰(Rajesh Babu Ravindran)强调,南海问题应首先通过联合开发等技术性合作,来为后续的政治解决积累信任和合规基础。
郑志华认为,南海周边国家应积极发挥基于共识的传统争端解决智慧,优先从打击海上跨国犯罪、保护海洋生态环境等低敏感非传统安全领域着手,向高敏感议题逐步延伸。
台湾师范大学政治科学研究所教授王冠雄也持此观点。他表示,南海周边国家需尽快在海洋环境治理领域展开交流对话,推动建立区域渔业管理组织、深化海洋科研、共建海洋保护区、制定环境应急协议等实际行动,以守护海洋生态。
他认为,在各方建立互信后,合作可延伸至其他领域,例如将《海上意外相遇规则》扩展至执法行动,“使各方在意外遭遇时遵守相关规则,有效管控争端”。(完)
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
南海周边国家将在海洋环境治理领域展开更多实际合作
Likely · Within months
区域渔业管理组织有望在南海周边国家之间建立
Possible · Within years

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