税务部门10月19日集中曝光3起纠治“开票经济”涉税问题案件,揭露虚开发票骗取财政补贴、制造假业绩等手法,强调通过法律手段严打违规行为,规范财政补贴,促进经济数据真实和产业健康发展。
AI-generated summary
税务部门通过曝光典型案件,旨在震慑利用虚开发票骗取财政补贴、制造假业绩的行为,维护税收征管秩序和经济数据真实性。
10月19日,税务部门集中曝光3起纠治“开票经济”涉税问题案件,向全社会释放严打涉税违法、科学纠治“开票经济”的鲜明信号。
纠治“开票经济”,缘何需重拳出击?
“开票经济”并非正常市场经营行为,其中既有一些地方以违规补贴搞财政返还,招引从事开票业务的各类平台或“空壳企业”,炮制“数字繁荣”;也有一些企业通过关联企业之间“循环开票”“相互开票”,人为制造业绩繁荣假象,以谋取银行信贷。
从此次曝光案件看,通过虚开增值税发票违规享受财政补贴的手法多种多样:有的地方违规引入开票公司通过提供税收返还搞“开票经济”;有的通过虚构贸易“循环开票”,诱骗国有企业参与其中,导致相关国有企业向金融机构申请的贷款面临无法收回的风险;有的犯罪团伙批量注册无实际经营场所、无真实业务的空壳企业,通过虚构业务往来,人为虚增经营业绩与经济数据,套取巨额产业扶持资金与财政奖励。
“‘开票经济’是违规招商引资和区域‘内卷式’竞争的突出表现之一。”中央财经大学财政税务学院院长樊勇表示,这类空壳开票企业没有真实生产经营,无须承担实质经营成本,凭借票据空转套利,挤压合规实体企业生存空间,形成“劣币驱逐良币”的市场生态,影响地方实体经济高质量发展。同时,虚假交易催生的失真经济数据,会干扰宏观经济研判,误导产业规划和公共政策决策。
中国人民大学财政金融学院教授吕冰洋说,我国法律体系为纠治“开票经济”,特别是为认定和打击虚开发票骗取财政补贴行为提供了全链条的清晰依据,有明确的行政监管与刑事打击有序衔接的治理闭环。
目前,国家对地方财政补贴实施负面清单管理,制定全国统一的地方财政补贴负面清单,明确地方政府禁止实施财政补贴的各类情形。吕冰洋指出,各类财政奖补项目须严格对照负面清单开展合规审查,补贴发放应当符合财政管理的相关规定,切实规范财政补贴行为。
“即便财政补贴尚未实际拨付,虚开行为本身即可定罪处罚,如骗补可能构成诈骗罪或合同诈骗罪。”吕冰洋说,如果中介机构为虚开发票提供证明文件或帮助的,同样需承担刑事责任。
重拳纠治“开票经济”,促进了“空壳”企业加快退出,经营主体数据更实。这也有利于防范“数字繁荣”背后潜藏的产业链风险、金融风险和债务风险。记者从国家税务总局了解到,今年上半年,被排查出存在“开票经济”问题的企业,其开票金额同比下降37.7%。随着这些开票“水分”的挤出,全国每百元发票“含税量”较2025年提高了13.7%。
纠治“开票经济”乱象是一项系统工程。税务部门持续加强与财政、国资委、市场监管、金融监管等部门沟通衔接,开展联合治理。近日,税务总局与国务院国资委联合发布通知,进一步深化部门协同,聚焦重点领域加强监管执法,合力推进科学精准纠治国有企业“开票经济”问题。
同时,税务部门持续健全工作机制,切实防止对正常企业经营造成影响。一方面,对外发布合规开票正负面清单,划定“标准线”和“警戒线”,引导纳税人合规遵从;另一方面,对内制定纠治“开票经济”涉税问题工作指引,指导各级税务部门优化方式规范执法,严禁简单“一刀切”,多措并举保障企业正常开票用票需求。
税务总局要求各地税务部门根据企业经营行为及开票的风险高低分类进行处置。各地税务部门也积极加强与当地有关部门协同,在凝聚共治合力中,提升监管互促效能。
(新华社记者 刘开雄 来源:经济参考报)
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
税务部门将继续加强与财政、国资委等部门的联合治理,深化对国有企业“开票经济”问题的监管。
Very likely · Within months
被排查出存在“开票经济”问题的企业开票金额将继续下降,发票“含税量”有望进一步提升。
Likely · Within months

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