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Back曾文生AI深入家庭 比起「電鍋負載」更怕打電玩團戰
曾文生AI深入家庭 比起「電鍋負載」更怕打電玩團戰
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自由时报2 hours agoEnergy4 min readChinaView translation

曾文生AI深入家庭 比起「電鍋負載」更怕打電玩團戰

台電董事長曾文生今日發表「台灣電力未來十年布局」專題演講,指出隨著AI應用普及與半導體先進製程發展,未來十年用電需求將持續成長,夜尖峰時段恐從傍晚遞延至晚間八、九點。

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台電董事長曾文生於專題演講表示,台灣未來十年夜尖峰負載年成長率達2.7%,半導體產業用電十年後將翻倍。隨著AI及電腦使用普及,夜尖峰恐從傍晚五、六點遞延至晚間八、九點,電網配置成關鍵。

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Why It Matters

台電董事長曾文生發表「台灣電力未來十年布局」專題演講,說明未來用電成長趨勢與電網建設規劃。

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台電董事長曾文生(左3)進行專題演講。(記者林菁樺攝)

台電董事長曾文生今(14日)以「台灣電力未來十年布局」進行專題演講,提到台灣未來十年夜尖峰負載年成長率達到2.7%,而隨著AI應用進入家庭,用過ChatGPT大概都回不去的情況之下,過去台電稱呼夜尖峰時段的「電鍋負載」,可能從傍晚五、六點會遞延到八、九點左右,從學生開始用電腦寫作業、打線上遊戲取代。

曾文生專題演講針對半導體產業用電趨勢,未來10年負載持續成長年增率約2.7%等報告,強調台電已把燃氣機組準備最大化,台灣僅占全球 0.8%GDP,但是統計到2026年上半年,在建燃氣機組是全球第7名,2026至2035全國共新增26GW,今年就有台中、興達等5部大型燃氣測試、商轉。有趣的是,該項統計,在2024年台灣是第三名,曾文生發現,超越台灣的是沙烏地阿拉伯、伊拉克與伊朗,都是中東地區,除了本身是產氣大國之外,背後與算力帶動有很大關聯,投資算力對中東國家是有經濟效益。

根據台電預測,今年半導體產業用電約520億度,佔全台用電約18%,十年後翻倍達1100億度,估計佔整體用電3成。其中,主要最大成長來自晶圓製造,曾文生說明,最好掌握用電成長就是來晶圓製造部分,特別是三奈米以下先進製程,台積電一家確定投資,就會決定接下來的用電增長。而半導體相關的記憶體、封測與高階伺服器等用電大約是晶圓製造的三成,但以目前產業蓬勃發展,記憶體、高階伺服器的燒機測試上,電力需求可能還會略增。

曾文生也說,「過去關心電源問題,現在電網配置才是關鍵」,AI用電會分散到家庭、各公司角落,以1MW、2MW使用,他舉例,技嘉出品的伺服器等於一個大同電鍋約1KV,但電鍋可能一天才用兩、三次,可是電腦可能使用10幾個小時。而台電以前內部有名詞稱呼傍晚用電是「電鍋負載」,當全台灣百萬戶的家庭煮飯,電鍋按下去就是1GW,未來台灣夜尖峰可能從五、六點變成晚上八、九點,只要開始寫作業、打電腦,夜間用電拉高,最怕學生約打團戰。

另外,台電也公布,目前台灣AI資料中心用電現況,根據台電掌握,核供總量已達1441MW,其中在今年核供增量達到750MW。曾文生進一步說明,目前核供Google在彰濱200到300MW,主要申請者也有電信、通訊業者,但他呼籲,台電非常希望申請者是投資者,而不是場域提供者,因為申請100MW的AIDC,就要準備1500億元資金。

有關未來15年電網建設關鍵數字,他提到,南科是半導體重鎮,預估2031年負載將逾4GW,南科將有三座超高壓變電所,曾文生說,一個地名以前多半一個超高壓變電所,但南科竟然有3個變電所,絕對是全世界唯一。他更強調,台電是穩定電力、穩定電價,促進穩定社會,讓科技產業穩定發展,盼外界支持台電財務穩定。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 半導體產業用電十年後將達1100億度

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 未來十年夜尖峰負載具體調節措施為何?
  • 南科三座超高壓變電所完工時程為何?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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