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Back日本防衛省將開發AI衛星 助攻長程飛彈反擊能力
日本防衛省將開發AI衛星 助攻長程飛彈反擊能力
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中央社1 hour agoDefense3 min readChina

日本防衛省將開發AI衛星 助攻長程飛彈反擊能力

日本防衛省計劃開發搭載AI的衛星,透過在太空直接分析多枚衛星取得的資訊,縮短傳輸時間,以提升長程飛彈運用能力及反擊能力。

Quick Look

日本防衛省擬開發搭載AI衛星,預計2027至2029年間製造實驗機,2030年後發射。此舉旨在透過太空中直接處理與分析資訊,迅速判斷敵方位置並引導長程飛彈,藉此提升反擊能力與嚇阻力。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

日本正依據現行防衛力整備計畫推動開發與部署長程飛彈,並強調提升決策速度的重要性。

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(中央社東京5日綜合外電報導)日本防衛省將開發搭載AI的衛星,透過在太空分析多枚衛星取得的資訊,可以在短時間內傳回地面,有助於迅速判斷是否發射飛彈,藉此提升長程飛彈運用能力及反擊能力。

「日本經濟新聞」報導,防衛省預計與日本國內企業合作,在2027至2029年間製造衛星實驗機,並在地面先檢驗性能;2030年以後發射升空,測試其功能。人工智慧(AI)則預計採用日本國產技術。

防衛省開發的衛星將不具備監視功能,專門負責資訊處理。衛星會彙整其他衛星取得的資訊,再利用AI進行分析,以判斷敵方位置,也能預測逼近離島的軍艦等移動目標在數分鐘後的位置。

地面指揮部將根據衛星傳送的分析結果,決定是否發射長程飛彈。由於資訊可在太空中處理,預計可縮短資料傳輸所需時間。飛彈發射後,衛星也會持續將資訊傳送給飛彈,引導飛彈飛向目標,提高攻擊精準度。

日本自衛隊將能從敵方射程以外攻擊敵方據點的長程「距外飛彈」(standoff missile)定位為嚇阻力的核心。這項計畫目的是透過讓對手認知到「攻擊日本反而會遭受損害」,以阻止對方發動攻擊。日本目前正依據現行防衛力整備計畫推動開發與部署相關飛彈。

日本陸上自衛隊已從今年3月起在熊本縣開始運用可攻擊敵方軍艦的「25式地對艦誘導彈」。此外,為擊退登上離島的敵軍部隊,也在靜岡縣部署了「25式高速滑空彈」。海上自衛隊與航空自衛隊也將在2027年度建立由護衛艦及戰鬥機發射國產長程飛彈的作戰能力。

而要以飛彈進行防衛,提升命中精準度不可或缺。尤其射程達數百至上千公里的飛彈,必須持續掌握敵方位置。若無法精準飛向目標,反擊能力的效果將大幅降低。

日本目前也透過連結多枚衛星的「衛星星座」(Satellite constellation),從太空蒐集資訊。取得的影像資訊會在地面進行分析,再決定攻擊目標及發射時機。

現行作法由太空負責監視、地面負責分析,但大量資料需要傳送至地面,因此相對耗費時間。

防衛省已將製造AI衛星試作機的費用列入2027年度預算概算申請,並以不揭露金額的形式編列。

這項計畫的背景是,自民黨為推動政府修訂安保3項文件所提出的建議,同時指出提升決策速度的重要性,並強調「運用AI提升情報蒐集與分析能力」是當務之急。

像這種在衛星上直接分析資訊的技術,美國企業已經投入開發,並已有參與美國太空軍實驗計畫。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 防衛省預計於2027至2029年間製造衛星實驗機

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • AI衛星實驗機的具體合作企業為何?
  • 2027年度預算概算申請中的實際金額為何?

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This article was originally published by 中央社.

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